Synthesis of water soluble silver-nanoparticle-embedded polymer nanofibers with poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) by a straightf
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this work, poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEtOx) is used for synthesis of silver-nanoparticleembedded polymer nanofibers through a simple polyol process. The factors, such as AgNO3/PEtOx molar ratio R, reaction temperature T, and reaction time t, which would influence the morphology of the nanofiber were studied extensively. Long linear PEtOx nanofibers with length more than 1 lm were obtained under the optimum conditions of R 5 5, T 5 150 °C, and t 5 1 h. PEtOx and reaction temperature were found to be the key factors affecting the final morphology of nanofibers in this system. The physical and chemical properties of these silver-nanoparticle-embedded PEtOx nanofibers were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrum, x-ray diffraction, and inductive coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The growth mechanism of the nanofibers is elucidated, and the process is demonstrated to be both kinetically and thermodynamically controlled.
Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected] DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2011.174
fibers as a new class of biomedical materials by releasing biocidal silver with a protective polymer barrier against infection. Until now, there are only few approaches, e.g., electrospinning (ES) and sacrificial template strategy reported to incorporate noble metals (e.g., Au and Ag) into nanofibrous polymer structures.19,20 The ES method is not accessible to many laboratories due to its expensive experimental setup, a complicated procedure, and the requirement of an extremely high voltage. The sacrificial template strategy requires an additional step of fabricating nanofiber templates and produces a limited kind of nanofiber structures. In yet another approach, the Xia group utilized a soft and solution-phase approach (polyol method32–35) for the large-scale synthesis of uniform silver nanostructures.18,21 In the polyol process, silver nitrate is reduced by ethylene glycol (EG) in the presence of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP), which works as the capping molecule to kinetically control the growth rates of various faces on the silver crystal. Although the reaction conditions are relatively mild and the shape of the product can be readily manipulated via adjusting the concentration of the anisotropic medium, the polyol approach has been widely explored to fabricate diverse anisotropic silver nanostructures ranging from silver cube to silver prism. Other types of polymers [e.g., poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEtOx)] have also been utilized to fabricate silver nanoparticles via simple wet chemical method.36–39 However, so far, there are no reports on synthesizing nanofibrous polymer structures with PVP or PEtOx with either the polyol or the wet chemical method. Inspired by these
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Ó Materials Research Society 2011
I. INTRODUCTION
In the past decade, research on morphologically controlled synthesis of metal nanostructures has been very active because the unique optical, catalytic, electronic, and magnetic properties of nanomaterials ar
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