Synthetic Graft Augmentation (Polyurethane Urea) for Reconstruction of Peroneal Tendon Injury
Biomaterials such as polyurethane urea can be utilized for augmentation and reconstruction of peroneal tendon tears. They provide mechanical strength during the acute healing phase while permitting anatomical mechanical loading and remodeling into organiz
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The Peroneal Tendons
Mark Sobel Editor
The Peroneal Tendons A Clinical Guide to Evaluation and Management
Editor Mark Sobel Private Practice Atlantic Highlands, NJ USA
ISBN 978-3-030-46645-9 ISBN 978-3-030-46646-6 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46646-6 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
“Foot Study” Martin Blank Studios, Seattle WA.
To my parents Jane Ann and Murray, my wife Mary Grace, and my children Mark Jr., Jay Michael, and Grace Ann. With love, Mark Sobel
In loving memory Mark Sobel, Jr. 12/15/1993 – 7/16/2011 Determination. Motivation. Success.
Foreword
Peroneal Passion Of all the tendons that cross the ankle, the peroneal tendons may be considered the least well loved. The Achilles is adored by all – general orthopedists, sport specialists, pediatric orthopedists, and foot and ankle aficionados. It has been esteemed throughout history by ancient man and its status was even elevated by connection to one of the great heroes in Greek mythology. In the literature, and in these days, more commonly, in Google citations of the Achilles tendon, the search yields 22,500,000 results. Next in line, but more forward in orientation, is the anterior tibial tendon, which gets 3,290,000 results. Third, we find the posterior tibialis. It gets 3,270,000 results on Google. This tendon has “popped” into popularity in the last 70 years with its dysfunction and creation of the adult acquired collapsed foot or pes planovalgus. Thereafter, we find the peroneal tendons, which, despite being two distinct tendons, selflessly cohabit the same sheath, getting 878,000 search results. The tendons both evert the foot and ankle to
