Taguchi Approach in Combination with CFD Simulation as a Technique for the Optimization of the Operating Conditions of P
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RESEARCH ARTICLE-CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Taguchi Approach in Combination with CFD Simulation as a Technique for the Optimization of the Operating Conditions of PEM Fuel Cells Yassine Amadane1 · Hamid Mounir1 · Abdellatif El Marjani1 · Hafsa Bouhrim1 · Muhammad Adnan Rafi2 Received: 22 September 2019 / Accepted: 12 June 2020 © King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2020
Abstract In proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) systems operating at low temperature, water management is important as it helps to improve cell performance. In this research paper, a three-dimensional, steady-state and non-isothermal model was established. The paper is aimed at investigating the effect of water flooding on the PEMFC performance. The Taguchi approach was proposed to obtain optimal levels and analyze the influence of different parameters, such as relative humidity (RH) on the anode and cathode sides, gas diffusion layer (GDL) porosity on the anode and cathode sides, temperature and pressure, respectively. To illustrate the effect of wet inlet gases, the relative humidity and the GDL porosity for the model were varied on both sides of the anode and cathode as follows: 10%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 90%. Therefore, our findings show that at the anode RH = 0% and 100%, the optimum levels were (L4, L5, L3 and L1) and (L1, L1, L5 and L4) for the relative humidity of the cathode, GDL porosity of the cathode, temperature and pressure, respectively, while at the cathode RH = 0% and 100%, the optimum levels were (L5, L5, L5 and L4) and (L1, L5, L1 and L4) for the relative humidity of the anode, GDL porosity of the anode, temperature and pressure, respectively. Consequently, the maximum power densities for the optimal combinations were found to be 0.727, 0.725, 0.135 and 0.111 for the anode RH = 0%, anode RH = 100%, cathode RH = 0% and cathode RH = 100%, respectively. Keywords Taguchi method · Relative humidity · PEMFC · GDL porosity List of Symbols L1, L2, L3, L4 and L5 Level 1, level 2, level 3, level 4 and level 5 RH Relative humidity GDL Gas diffusion layer CFD Computational fluid dynamics r Drag coefficient CL Catalyst layer Δ Difference of values S/N Signal/noise T Temperature P Pressure Pmax Maximum power density (W/cm2) η Overall mean of S/N * Yassine Amadane [email protected] 1
Mechanical Department, Mohammadia School of Engineers, Research Team EMISys, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
2
xH2 O,int The molar fraction of water at the anode inlet xH2 O,out The molar fraction of water at the anode outlet 𝜉anode The stoichiometric flow ratio at anode 𝜉cathode The stoichiometric flow ratio at cathode
1 Introduction The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is considered to be a promising system in various applications, such as automotive and aeronautic applications, due to its advantages of high efficiency and low operating temperature [1]. The performance of PEM fuel cells can be improved by
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