Tailoring the optical and dielectric properties of PVC/CuO nanocomposites
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Tailoring the optical and dielectric properties of PVC/CuO nanocomposites A. S. Abouhaswa1 · T. A. Taha2,3 Received: 29 June 2019 / Revised: 27 September 2019 / Accepted: 8 December 2019 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract The solvent casting method has been applied to prepare PVC/CuO nanocomposite films with CuO ratios (0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 15.0 wt%). X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, optical absorption and dielectric experimental analysis are applied to these nanocomposite films. The CuO nanoparticles have been prepared by using sol–gel method. XRD pattern analysis revealed the formation of CuO (30 nm) single-phase with monoclinic structure and space group C2/c and the amorphous structure of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) matrix. Energy-dispersive X-ray data revealed the increase in CuO content, and scanning electron microscopy morphology analysis approved the dispersion of CuO nanoparticles on the PVC film surface. The optical absorption increased with CuO content, while the transmission decreased. Both direct and indirect energy gaps decrease, while the Urbach energy increases as CuO content increases. The real dielectric permittivity enhanced as the concentration of CuO increased and the imaginary permittivity showed single relaxation at high frequency. The estimated values of both static and high-frequency dielectric constant increased as CuO percentage increases. The presence of CuO causes increase in the loss tangent values for the PVC/CuO polymer films. Keywords PVC nanocomposites · CuO · Optical properties · Dielectric constant · Loss tangent Abbreviations XRD X-ray diffraction FTIR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy EDX Energy dispersive X-ray * A. S. Abouhaswa [email protected] 1
Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El‑Koom 32511, Egypt
2
Physics Department, College of Science and Arts, Jouf University, P.O. Box 756, Al‑Gurayyat, Saudi Arabia
3
Physics and Engineering Mathematics Department, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf 32952, Egypt
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Vol.:(0123456789)
Polymer Bulletin
SEM Scanning electron microscopy THF Tetrahydrofuran PVC Polyvinyl chloride PVA Poly(vinyl alcohol) TEM Transmission electron microscopy
Introduction Nanoparticle-based polymer composites found more interest in modern science and technology [1–4]. The addition of nanoparticles is favorable owing to its good mechanical strength and electrical conductivity [5]. In addition, polymers gain high attention due to the ability of changing the physical, electronic, optical and mechanical features [6–8]. For optoelectronic and dielectric applications, polymer nanocomposites films should have distinct optical and dielectric parameters. PVA-doped ZnO depicted blue shift of the photoluminescence spectra as compared with the ZnO quantum dots [9]. Raju et al. [10] synthesized fluorescent optical PVA/Eu3+ films with red emission for electro-luminescent displays. PVA/CdS nanocomposite films
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