Techniques in Archaeological Geology
This 2nd edition is a survey level review of key areas of archaeological geology/geoarchaeology. Principal subject areas include:historical principles; archaeologic and geomorphic surfaces and landforms types; sediments and sediment analytic methods; arch
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Ervan Garrison
Techniques in Archaeological Geology Second Edition
Natural Science in Archaeology
Series editors Gu¨nther A. Wagner Christopher E. Miller Holger Schutkowski
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/3703
Ervan Garrison
Techniques in Archaeological Geology
Second Edition
Ervan Garrison Department of Geology, University of Georgia Athens, Georgia, USA
ISSN 1613-9712 Natural Science in Archaeology ISBN 978-3-319-30230-0 ISBN 978-3-319-30232-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-30232-4 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016933149 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer Verlag GmbH Berlin Heidelberg
This book is dedicated to my grandchildren, Kelsey and Hunter.
ThiS is a FM Blank Page
Contents
1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 Organization of This Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 6
2
The Geomorphological and Geological Context . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Landscapes and People . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 Geomorphic Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 Geomorphic Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.1 Fluvial Landforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.2 Coastal Landforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.3 Submerged Landforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.4 Mountain and Glacial Landforms . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.5 Ice Patches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.6 Lacustrine Landforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.7 Loessic and Glacial Landscapes: Midwestern United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.8 Desert/Arid Landforms . .
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