Technological Systems and Economic Performance: The Case of Factory Automation

In 1987 the Swedish National Board for Technical Development (STU, later becoming the Swedish National Board for Industrial and Technical Development, NUTEK) initiated a study of Sweden's Technological Systems and Future Development Potential. A comprehen

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Economics of Science, Technology and Innovation VOLUME 5

Series Editors Cristiano Antonelli, University of Torino, Italy Bo Carlsson, Case Western Reserve University, U.S.A.

Editorial Board Steven Klepper, Carnegie Mellon University, U.S.A. Richard Langlois, University of Connecticut, U.S.A. J. S. Metcalfe, University of Manchester, U.K. David Mowery, University of California, Berkeley, U.S.A. Pascal Petit, CEPREMAP, France Luc Soete, University of Limburg, The Netherlands

The titles published in this series are listed at the end of this volume.

TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEMS AND ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE: THECASEOF FACTORY AUTOMATION Editedby

BOCARLSSON Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, U.SA.

SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS, MEDIA, B.V.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Technologlcal syste.s and econo.lc perfor.ance : the case of factory autolatlon I edlted by Bo Carlsson. p. c •. -- (EconoM les of sclence, technology, and lnnovatlon v. 5) Inc 1udes 1ndex. ISBN 978-94-010-4065-5 ISBN 978-94-011-0145-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-0145-5

1. Automatlon--Economlc aspects. -Sweden. 1. Carlsson, Bo, 1942HC79. A9T43 1995 338' .064--dc20

2. Auto.atlon--Econo.lc aspectsII. Serles. 95-14924

ISBN 978-94-010-4065-5

Printed on acid-free paper

AlI Rights Reserved © 1995 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1995 No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any fonn or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any infonnation storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.

TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface

Bo Carlsson List of Contributors List of Tables List of Figures 1.

3.

4.

6.

Bo Carlsson and Rikard Stankiewicz

21

The Nature and Importance of Economic Competence Bo Carlsson and Gunnar Eliasson

57

Mapping an Evolving Technology Cluster: The Composition and Structure of Factory Automation

The Academic Infrastructure of Factory Automation Anders Granberg

119

165

Sourcing of Advanced Manufacturing Technology: The Role of Customer-Supplier Interaction

Kjell Tryggestad 8.

89

The Role of the Science and Technology Infrastructure in the Development and Diffusion of Industrial Automation in Sweden

Rikard Stankiewicz 7.

1

On the Nature, Function and Composition of Technological Systems

Anders Granberg 5.

ix xi xiii

Introduction

Bo Carlsson 2.

vii

211

What Makes the Automation Industry Strategic?

Bo Carlsson and Staffan Jacobsson

241

vi 9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

A Theoretical Framework for the Analysis of Supplier Industries Ellinor Ehrnberg and Staffan Jacobsson

263

Technological Discontinuities and Company Strategies Machine Tools and Flexible Manufacturing Systems Ellinor Ehrnberg and Staffan Jacobsson

273

Diffusion and Industrial Dynamics in the Robot Industry Kristina Dahlin

323

The Importance of Economic Competence in Economic Growth: A Micro-to-Macro Analysis Bo Carlsson and Erol Taymaz