Territories Under Siege: Risks of the Decimation of Indigenous and Quilombolas Peoples in the Context of COVID-19 in Sou
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Territories Under Siege: Risks of the Decimation of Indigenous and Quilombolas Peoples in the Context of COVID-19 in South Brazil Maurício Polidoro 1 & Francisco de Assis Mendonça 2 & Stela Nazareth Meneghel 3 Marcelo Gonçalves 4 & Fernanda Bairros 3 & Daniel Canavese 3
&
Alan Alves-Brito 3 &
Received: 6 June 2020 / Revised: 7 September 2020 / Accepted: 7 September 2020 # W. Montague Cobb-NMA Health Institute 2020
Abstract The current health, political, and environmental crisis ongoing in Brazil and the advances of the impacts of COVID-19 in traditional populations (as indigenous and quilombolas) are not yet prioritized in the scientific production about the novel coronavirus. We performed spatial correlation analysis to map the clusters and outliers of COVID-19 in South of Brazil to identify indigenous and quilombolas communities impacted right now in the pandemic. We show that communities located nearby metropolitan areas and mid-sized cities are the most impacted by the COVID-19 and the advance of the transmission to inner states may intensify the ongoing historical process of elimination of indigenous and quilombolas people. We call for a global response to the indigenous and quilombolas situation in Brazil, pointing to the need of more analysis in the country; Keywords Quilombolas . Indigenous . COVID-19 . Brazil
COVID-19: The Pandemic of Dissent The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) was declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on January 30, 2020, by the World Health Organization (WHO), and it was named the Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 on February 11. This pandemic has brought to light various impacts on a global scale [1], wherein some countries gained visibility for having the highest number of cases during the onset of the disease (China, Iran, and Italy) and were later replaced by other countries throughout its manifestation (e.g., Spain, USA, and Brazil), following its global dynamics. Coping strategies against the pandemic varied widely according to regional differences and intersectional
inequities, despite the WHO guidelines for general actions against the disease. This is especially true regarding measures to prevent viral transmission given the lack of a vaccine or effective medical actions to control the disease. In Brazil, the conflict between measures from the central government (denying the severity of the issue) and those from states and municipalities (following sanitary and epidemiological guidelines), in addition to the insufficient and poor medical and hospital structure to fight the disease, has made evident the extremely high vulnerability of the population, particularly of those suffering from intense social and spatial exclusion, e.g., the indigenous and quilombola peoples. On February 26th, the then Health Minister defined COVID-19 as another type of flu in the history of the country; in the same
* Maurício Polidoro [email protected]
Fernanda Bairros [email protected] Daniel Canavese [email protected]
Francis
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