Texture characterization of autogenous Nd:YAG laser welds in AA5182-O and AA6111-T4 aluminum alloys
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Texture Characterization of Autogenous Nd:YAG Laser Welds in AA5182-O and AA6111-T4 Aluminum Alloys L.G. HECTOR, JR., Y.-L. CHEN, S. AGARWAL, and C.L. BRIANT This article reports a study of texture characterization in Nd:YAG laser welds of AA5182-O and AA6111-T4 alloys. Electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) in the scanning electron microscope was used to determine the texture. The determination was made as a function of thickness through the sample. The results show that the welds can develop significant texture. In particular, the columnar grains that grow from the base metal into the weld have a strong 001 texture along the direction of growth.
The reduced weight and high strength-to-weight ratio of aluminum alloys make them desirable alternatives for automotive structural materials. However, some significant challenges remain in the large-scale implementation of aluminum alloys in the automotive industry. One of these pertains to the selection of joining methodologies and how these methodologies impact the mechanical properties of aluminum joints. The possibility of using laser welding is very attractive because of its speed, and a number of investigations have examined its application to aluminum alloys.[1–8] However, there are some concerns with this process. For example, aluminum alloy weld strength may decrease, with respect to the parent metal. This effect is especially pronounced with heat-treatable aluminum alloys due to the loss of the T-temper treatment. Attempts to improve aluminum weld strength therefore may involve alteration of welding process parameters and postweld heat treatment.
Most published work on the weld microstructure of aluminum alloys has focused on linking the weld microstructure as observed with optical microscopy or scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to the measured mechanical properties of the weld and to the compositional changes in the weld zone. Given that texture often causes anisotropic mechanical properties, its presence in the weld zones of a
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