The 1755 Lisbon Earthquake: Revisited
The 1755 earthquake and tsunami were influential not only in Portugal but in all European and North African countries where the devastating effects were felt. The entire world was deeply impressed and the discussion of its causes generated a large amount
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GEOTECHNICAL, GEOLOGICAL AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING Volume 7 Series Editor Atilla Ansal, Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute, Bo˘gazic¸i University, Istanbul, Turkey Editorial Advisory Board Julian Bommer, Imperial College London, U.K. Jonathan D. Bray, University of California, Berkeley, U.S.A. Kyriazis Pitilakis, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece Susumu Yasuda, Tokyo Denki University, Japan
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The 1755 Lisbon Earthquake: Revisited
edited by
LUIZ A. MENDES-VICTOR Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
CARLOS SOUSA OLIVEIRA Universidade T´ecnica de Lisboa, Portugal
¯ AZEVEDO JOAO Universidade T´ecnica de Lisboa, Portugal and
´ ANTONIO RIBEIRO Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
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Editors Dr. Luiz A. Mendes-Victor Universidade de Lisboa Inst. Ciencias da Terra e do Espaco Rua da Escola Politecnica 58 1250-102 Lisboa Portugal [email protected]
Dr. Carlos Sousa Oliveira Instituto Superior Tecnico Depto. Engenharia Civil e Arquitectura Av. Rovisco Pais 1 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal [email protected]
Dr. Jo¯ao Azevedo Instituto Superior Tecnico Depto. Engenharia Civil e Arquitectura Av. Rovisco Pais 1 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal [email protected]
ISBN: 978-1-4020-8608-3
Dr. Ant´onio Ribeiro Universidade de Lisboa Museu Nacional de Hist´oria Natural Rua da Escola Politecnica 58 1250-102 Lisboa Portugal [email protected]
e-ISBN: 978-1-4020-8609-0
Library of Congress Control Number: 2008933408 c Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed on acid-free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com
Contents
Contributors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ix
250th Anniversary of the 1755 Lisbon Earthquake. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
xv
Part I Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L.A. Mendes-Victor and Carlos S. Oliveira
3
Part II Historical Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
The Lisbon Earthquake of 1755 in Spanish Contemporary Authors. . . . . . ´ Agustı´ n Udı´ as and Alfonso Lopez Arroyo
7
The Lisbon Earthquake of November 1st, 1755: An Historical Overview of its Approach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Maria do Rosa´rio Themudo Barata
25
The Great Earthquakes of Lisbon 1755 and Aceh 2004 Shook the World. Seismologists’ Societal Responsibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
