The association between epiblepharon and obesity: an experience at tertiary care center in Western Pennsylvania/North Am
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ORIGINAL PAPER
The association between epiblepharon and obesity: an experience at tertiary care center in Western Pennsylvania/North America Anagha Medsinge
. Katherine Duncan . Jenny Y. Yu
Received: 12 July 2020 / Accepted: 6 November 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Purpose Epiblepharon is a congenital eyelid anomaly that occurs most frequently in Asian children. Recent literature has identified an association between obesity and increased rates of epiblepharon among Asian children. The purpose of our study was to determine whether obesity was also associated with epiblepharon in a non-Asian population. Methods The medical records of all children with a diagnosis of epiblepharon seen in the oculoplastic clinic at a single institution over a 2-year period were reviewed and included all the Caucasian children with epiblepharon. The average body mass index was calculated for all patients with epiblepharon. The rate of obesity among these children was compared with the national rate of childhood obesity in the United States as defined by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
Results Our study included 10 Caucasian children with epiblepharon. There were 8 girls and 2 boys. The rate of obesity among non-Asian children with epiblepharon was 40%, which is substantially higher than the average rate of obesity among children in the USA. One child was overweight. Conclusions This study suggests an association between obesity and epiblepharon in non-Asian children. Obesity likely contributes to anatomic variations in the midface and eyelids that can lead to the development of epiblepharon. Given the rising rates of childhood obesity, it is important to be aware of its association with epiblepharon in ethnic populations other than Asian. Keywords
Eyelid Epiblepharon Children
Introduction A. Medsinge (&) Duke Eye Center, 2351 Erwin Road, Durham, NC 27750, USA e-mail: [email protected] K. Duncan Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA J. Y. Yu Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Epiblepharon is a common congenital eyelid anomaly that occurs when the pretarsal orbicularis and skin override the lid margin pushing the eyelashes into contact with the ocular surface. It is most frequently seen in Asian children with an incidence of 46% in infants which decreases to 2% at ages 13–18 years [1]. It usually affects the lower eyelid and resolves with the growth of the facial skeleton. The abnormal position of eyelashes can result in tearing, irritation,
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conjunctival injection, eye rubbing, photophobia, and in more severe cases, erosions of the ocular surface [2]. Epiblepharon can be managed conservatively with lubrication. If there is a concern for keratopathy, surgical intervention is considered. In Asian children, congenital epiblepharon is thought to result from the absence of extensions of capsulopalpebral fascia into the skin and orbicularis which exerts an everting force on the lower lid.
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