The behavior of TIG welding arc in a high-frequency axial magnetic field
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RESEARCH PAPER
The behavior of TIG welding arc in a high-frequency axial magnetic field H. Wu 1,2 & Y. L. Chang 1 & Alexandr Babkin 3 & Boyoung Lee 4 Received: 6 October 2019 / Accepted: 17 September 2020 # International Institute of Welding 2020
Abstract The effect of high-frequency axial magnetic field (HFAMF) on the shape of the welding arc and welding formation of tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding is analyzed theoretically and experimentally. The 316L stainless steel plate was welded with HFAMF produced by the excitation coil installed on the welding torch. The influence of the HFAMF on the welding process is studied by changing the magnetic frequency from 0 to 2000 Hz. The experimental results show that when the magnetic field frequency reaches 1500 Hz, the arc rotation radius is decreased to the minimum; the arc shape changes from cone to compressed cylinder; and the arc temperature, the arc pressure, and the depth-width ratio of the weld beam reached the maximum. Otherwise, the effect of applied HFAMF on the stress of arc and weld pool is discussed, and the mechanism of arc contraction is analyzed. Keywords High-frequency magnetic field . Magnetic confinement . Arc plasma . TIG
1 Introduction The tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding method has been applied frequently owing to its advantages, such as better shielding, stable arc, easy adjustment of heat input, less material splash, easy to monitor the weld pool and arc conditions, and neat welding appearance. However, the lower deposition rates and low production efficiency limit its application. To make this Recommended for publication by Commission XII - Arc Welding Processes and Production Systems * Y. L. Chang [email protected] H. Wu [email protected] Alexandr Babkin [email protected] Boyoung Lee [email protected] 1
Shenyang University of Technology, No. 111, Shenliao West Road, Economic & Technological Development Zone, Shenyang 110870, People’s Republic of China
2
Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China
3
Lipetsk State Technical University, 398024 Lipetsk, Russia
4
Korea Aerospace University, Seoul 412791, South Korea
process more suitable for the fabrication of large structures and thick weldments, the magnetic field is applied around the arc to improve production efficiency. The external magnetic fields can alter the arc plasma effectively. Previous research has shown that different types of magnetic fields will have different effects on the arc shape, the distribution of energy density, and the weld appearance [1]. As an example, Chang et al. [2] found that the axial magnetic field can rotate the CO2 arc and change its radius; Nomura et al. [3] considered that the cusp magnetic field makes the arc cross section elliptical and the depth-width ratio of the weld increase. Li et al. [4] found that the external longitudinal magnetic field could offset the arc along the weld direction, to effectively prevent the appearance of a hump in high-speed welding. Sun et al. [5] found that the transverse magnetic field causes the arc to oscillate perpe
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