The Colour Image Processing Handbook
This book is aimed at those using colour image processing or researching new applications or techniques of colour image processing. It has been clear for some time that there is a need for a text dedicated to colour. We foresee a great increase in the use
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The Colour Image Processing Handbook
Edited by
S. J. Sangwine and R. E. N. Horne
Department of Engineering University of Reading UK
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SPRlNGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V
First edition 1998
© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Chapman & Hali in 1998 Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover lst edition 1998
ISBN 978-1-4613-7647-7 ISBN 978-1-4615-5779-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4615-5779-1 'Munsell' ,'Judge' and 'ColorChecker' are registered trademarks of GretagMacbeth.
(http://www.gretagmacbeth.com/)
The names 'NCS' and 'Natural Color System' are used with permission of NCS - Scandinavian Colour Institute. 'ColorSync' is a registered trademark of Apple Computer Inc.
(http://www . apple.com)
'Calibrator' is a registered trademark of Barco Graphics.
(http://www.barco.com/)
'Fujichrome' is a registered trademark of Fujiphoto Film USA Inc.
(http://www.fujifilm . com/)
'Kodachrome Gold' and 'Ektachrome' are registered trademarks of Eastman Kodak Company.
(http://www.kodak.com!)
'Genesis' is a trademark of Matro" Electronic Systems Ltd.
(http://www . matrox . com!)
'Colour Dimensions' is a trademark of Imperial Chemical Industries. 'TekColor' and 'TekHVC' are trademarks of Tektroni" Inc. 'Pentium' is a trademark of Intel Corporation. 'X Windows' is a trademark of Open Group.
(http://www.opengroup.org/tech/desktop/X/) 'Uni,,' is a trademark of AT&T.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers. Applications for permission should be addressed to the rights manager at the London address of the publisher. The publisher makes no representation, e"press or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or Iiability for any errors or omissions that may be made.
Contents
List of contributors Preface
xiii
Acknowledgements
1 The present state and the future of colour image processing PART ONE
2
3
4
ix
xv
1
COLOUR
Colour vision
7
William McIlhagga 2.1 What is colour? 2.2 The visual pathway 2.3 Light absorption and trichromacy 2.4 Colour appearance and opponent processes 2.5 Other phenomena 2.6 The uses of colour
16 20 23
7 9 11
Colour science
26
M. Ronnier Luo 3.1 Introduction 3.2 The CIE system 3.3 Colour measurement instruments 3.4 Uniform colour spaces and colour difference formulas 3.5 Colour appearance modelling
26 27 40 44 52
Colour spaces
67
H enryk Palus 4.1 Basic RGB colour space 4.2 XYZ colour space 4.3 Television colour spaces
67 69 71
vi Contents
4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10
Opponent colour space Ohta hhh colour space IHS and related perceptual colour spaces Perceptually uniform colour spaces Munsell colour system Kodak PhotoYCC colour space Summary of colour space properties
PART TWO
5
6
7
9
89
IMAGE ACQUISITION
Colour video systems and sig
