The Congruent Facelift A Three-dimensional View
This book deals with a special form of facial rejuvenative surgery, which considers the three-dimensional anatomy of the face and benchmarks it against biomechanical models of the face. Traditional approaches to the ageing human face have been based on a
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The Congruent Facelift
Lawrence C.Y. Ho Michael F. Klaassen • Kumar Mithraratne
The Congruent Facelift A Three-dimensional View
Lawrence C.Y. Ho Formerly Repatriation General Hospital Concord Sydney New South Wales Australia
Michael F. Klaassen Private Practice Auckland New Zealand
Kumar Mithraratne The University of Auckland Auckland Bioengineering Institute Auckland New Zealand
ISBN 978-3-319-69089-6 ISBN 978-3-319-69090-2 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69090-2 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017962870 © Springer International Publishing AG 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Preface
This book is a collaboration of more than 50 years of facial rejuvenative surgery, considering the three-dimensional elements of restoring youthful facial form and benchmarking this against biomechanical models of facial anatomy. Traditional approaches to the ageing human face have been based on a two-dimensional platform. The authors challenge this, based on their new concepts, which consider the human face in a three-dimensional platform with height, width and depth. The pilaster is an old term derived from the Latin pilastrum, describing a pillar or column, which defines spatial transition. The ageing human face can be analysed with respect to the changing dynamic of major and minor pilasters, located at key anatomical points and respected when applying surgical techniques. The pilaster of the midface/medial cheek is in fact the quintessential feature in surgical rejuvenation and the transition zone that it defines between the frontal and lateral facial planes. This zone is located on a vertical curved line
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