The correlation of the seismic activities and radon concentration in soil gas
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ICCESEN 2017
The correlation of the seismic activities and radon concentration in soil gas Feride Kulalı 1
&
İskender Akkurt 2 & Nevzat Özgür 3 & Mehmet Sezer 4
Received: 25 January 2018 / Accepted: 19 July 2018 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2018
Abstract Radon is a radioactive, colorless, odorless, tasteless noble gas, produced by alpha decay of the Radium (226Ra). Radon is found in nature in three different isotopes: 220Rn, member of 232Th series, with a half-life of 54.5 s; 219Rn, member of 235U series, with a halflife of 3.92 s; and its most stable isotope, 222Rn, has a half-life of 3.8 days. As radium decays, radon is formed and released into small air or water-containing pores between soil and rock particles. It usually migrates freely through faults and fragmented soils, and may accumulate in caves or groundwater. Migration of radon depends on many factors: the porosity, the moisture content of the soil, the pressure and temperature differences of the soil, and atmospheric air. In environmental researches, measurement of radon is most frequently used among all inert natural gases. Besides, radon is a preferred earthquake precursor, because it is easily detectable. The origin and the mechanisms of the radon anomalies and their relationship to earthquakes are yet poorly understood, although several in situ and laboratory experiments have been performed. In this study, the radon concentration in soil gas, transported from soil (1 m depth), is measured in Karahayıt, continuously for 9 months. The earthquake data of measurement region has been recorded simultaneously and compared with radon anomalies for investigation of the effects of the earthquakes on radon emanation. Keywords Radon . Radon anomalies . Earthquake prediction PACS 93.85.Np . 93.85.Rt
Introduction Earthquake prediction is a complicated process based on observation and investigation of geophysical variables such as crustal movements, geomagnetic fields and conductivity, groundwater and sea levels, tides, seismic wave types and velocities, and This article is part of the Topical Collection on Geo-Resources-EarthEnvironmental Sciences * Feride Kulalı [email protected] 1
Vocational School of Health Services, Nuclear Technology and Radiation Safety Department, Uskudar University, Istanbul, Turkey
2
Science and Art Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
3
Department of Geological Engineering, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
4
Department of Systems Engineering, Turkish Naval Research Center Command, Istanbul, Turkey
content of radon, hydrogen, and carbon dioxide in soil gas or groundwater. However, the precursors give pseudo signals by the effect of other geological and meteorological parameters; many previous studies have shown that the radon anomalies are highly correlated with the earthquakes (Okabe 1956; Wakita et al. 1980; Teng 1980; Hauksson and Goddard 1981). Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas and one of the densest substances that remains in gas form under normal environmental conditio
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