The counteracting effects of (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate on the immobilization stress-induced adverse reactions in ra
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ORIGINAL PAPER
The counteracting effects of (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate on the immobilization stress-induced adverse reactions in rat pancreas Nermeen Mohammed Faheem 1,2
&
Tarek Mohamed Ali 3,4
Received: 6 July 2020 / Revised: 7 September 2020 / Accepted: 15 September 2020 # Cell Stress Society International 2020
Abstract Many studies suggest that Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) has many protective effects. But little is known about its protective effects against chronic restraint stress-induced damage in rats. The aim was to demonstrate the potential protective effects of EGCG against harmful pancreatic damage to the immobilization stress in the rat model. Forty rats, 2 months old, were divided into four groups (n = 10): control group; EGCG group, rats received EGCG by gavage (100 mg/kg /day) for 30 days; stressed group, rats exposed to immobilization stress; and stressed with EGCG group, rats exposed to immobilization stress and received EGCG for 30 days. Glycemic status parameters, corticosterone, and inflammatory markers were investigated on the first day, 15th day, and the 30th day of the experiment. Pancreatic oxidative stress markers and cytokines were evaluated. Histological, immunohistological, and statistical studies were performed. On the 15th day, fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting plasma insulin (FPI), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and fasting plasma corticosterone were significantly higher in the stressed group when compared with first and 30th day in the same group as well as when compared with control and stressed with EGCG groups. The stressed group revealed significantly higher pancreatic IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MDA, and NO, serum amylase and serum lipase, and significantly lower GSH, SOD, and CAT when compared to control and stressed with EGCG groups. EGCG treatment attenuated the pancreatic stress-induced cellular degeneration, leucocytic infiltration, and cytoplasmic vacuolations; significantly decreased area percentage of collagen fibers; and significantly increased mean area percentage of insulin immunopositive cell as compared with stressed group. EGCG is a protective agent against immobilization stress because of its anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and and anti-oxidative stress properties, as confirmed by biochemical and histological alterations. Keywords Immobilization stress . EGCG . Pancreas . Immunohistochemistry . Anti-inflammatory markers
Introduction Stress “a state of disharmony” is a real or perceived disturbance to an organism’s homeostasis, which triggers physiological and behavioral responses (McEwen 2000). The stress response involves various mechanisms for physiological and * Nermeen Mohammed Faheem [email protected] 1
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
2
Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
3
Taif university, P. O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
4
Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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