The design of multiple feedback topology Chebyshev low-pass active filter with average differential evolution algorithm
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The design of multiple feedback topology Chebyshev low-pass active filter with average differential evolution algorithm Burhanettin Durmus¸1 • Hasan Temurtas¸2 • Serdar O¨zyo¨n1 Received: 1 September 2019 / Accepted: 6 April 2020 Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study presents the design of a tenth-order multiple feedback Chebyshev low-pass filter (MF-C-LPF). Component selection and gain calculation of filters are generally achieved over long periods of time using traditional methods. For 1-dB and 3-dB gains, the component values of the filter were optimized for both continuous and discrete values using four different metaheuristic algorithms. In the first case where continuous values were used, component values were accepted as ideal and unlimited in order to minimize gains. In the second case, industrial E196 series component values were used to transform the design problem into a discrete optimization problem. In this case where the design problem became more complex, the performance of the metaheuristic algorithms was compared. The literature review shows that this study is the first attempt to design a 10th-order MF-C-LPF for E196 series values. The average differential evolution algorithm is proposed to determine the optimal component values of the tenth-order MF-C-LPF. The performance of the proposed method was compared with three commonly used algorithms (PSO, CSS and DE). The optimal filter component values and quality factors (Q) were presented for each stage. We believe that the quality factor values will be a reference for future studies. Keywords Tenth-order active filter design Multiple feedback topology Chebyshev low-pass active filter Average differential evolution algorithm Metaheuristics
1 Introduction Electrical filtering is an important process in many electronic circuit applications such as signal processing, communication and control. Also defined as transforming an electrical signal into a specified sign, electrical filtering involves electrical filters, which are actually frequencydependent networks. They are also known as frequencyselective devices that pass or block values above or below a certain frequency. They are classified into two groups: active and passive. Passive filters are a type of circuit consisting of passive components that do not provide signal gain. Active filters, on the other hand, use active & Burhanettin Durmus¸ [email protected] 1
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ku¨tahya Dumlupınar University, Ku¨tahya, Turkey
2
Department of Computer Engineering, Ku¨tahya Dumlupınar University, Ku¨tahya, Turkey
components such as transistors and amplifiers and can theoretically amplify the signal within the frequency range of choice. They have lower output impedance and higher input impedance and therefore can be cascaded in applications. Mostly, Butterworth, Chebyshev and elliptic active filters are used in practical applications [1
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