The effect of information and communication technologies and total factor productivity on CO 2 emissions in top 10 emerg
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RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
The effect of information and communication technologies and total factor productivity on CO2 emissions in top 10 emerging market economies Buket Altinoz 1
&
Dinara Vasbieva 2
&
Olga Kalugina 2
Received: 9 July 2020 / Accepted: 10 November 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The aim of this paper is to investigate the nexus among information and communication technologies (ICT), total factor productivity (TFP), and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the top 10 emerging market economies for the period from 1995 to 2014 using the panel vector autoregressive (PVAR) approach. Analysis results suggest that the internet usage and fixed telephone subscriptions have a positive impact on environmental pollution, although mobile cellular subscriptions and TFP have a negative impact on carbon emissions. According to causality test results, there is bidirectional causality between CO2 and all independent variables. Consequently, the results justified the use of TFP instead of GDP as an indicator of the economic development and the importance of ICT in environmental problems since ICT has proven to be undeniable in environmental policies. Thus, possible policies prioritize environmental sustainability in the digitalization of the economy, which ensures both a pollution-reducing effect and an increase in TFP. Keywords ICT . TFP . CO2 emissions . PVAR . Causality . Technology
Introduction With the industrial revolution, the changing production structure throughout the world has led to an increase in both energy consumption and environmental pollution. The dependence on energy in production and the widespread use of fossil fuel consumption have further deepened environmental degradation (Li et al. 2019). Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are considered to result from the increased economic activities and to be of much concern for policymakers (Auffhammer Responsible Editor: Philippe Garrigues * Dinara Vasbieva [email protected] Buket Altinoz [email protected] Olga Kalugina [email protected] 1
Vocational School, Accounting and Tax Practices, Nisantasi University, Istanbul, Turkey
2
Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, 49 Leningradsky Prospect, Moscow, Russia 125993
and Carson 2008; Ozturk and Acaravci 2010). Though there are many sorts of emissions, CO2 emissions are known to pollute the environment. According to the previous studies (Costantini and Monni 2008; Zhang et al. 2017; Inglesi-Lotz and Dogan 2018), these emissions have been associated with different factors such as gross domestic product, financial development, technological innovation, renewable energy consumption, and human capital. This study focuses on information and communication technologies (ICT) and total factor productivity (TFP) rather than traditional factors affecting CO2 emissions. In recent years, the Internet, computers, and related applications, which are known as ICTs, have been adopted as the main factor that c
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