The effect of nucleopolyhedrovirus infection and/or parasitism by Microplitis pallidipes on hemolymph proteins, sugars,
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The effect of nucleopolyhedrovirus infection and/or parasitism by Microplitis pallidipes on hemolymph proteins, sugars, and lipids in Spodoptera exigua larvae Jie-Xian Jiang • Xiang-Yun Ji • Yang-Yi Yin Nian-Feng Wan
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Received: 14 March 2013 / Accepted: 30 July 2013 / Published online: 7 August 2013 Ó International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC) 2013
Abstract We determined the physiological effects of joint and separate nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) infection and parasitism by the endoparasitoid Microplitis pallidipes Szepligeti on biochemical events in the noctuid Spodoptera exigua (Hu¨bner). The results indicated that in parasitized larvae, compared to healthy larvae, total protein concentration in host hemolymph began to decline and total sugar concentration significantly increased by the first day, while lipid content in the host body significantly increased by the second day after parasitization. Meanwhile, in jointly infected and parasitized hosts, compared to parasitized larvae, total protein concentration was consistently higher, total sugar concentration was consistently lower, and lipid content became higher by the second day after
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treatment. In virus-infected larvae, compared to healthy larvae, total protein concentration sharply declined during the first two days but increased by the third, while total sugar concentration increased on the second and third days after virus infection but decreased at other observation times, and lipid content began to increase by the second day after virus infection. Finally, in larvae that were both parasitized and virus-infected, compared to just virus-infected larvae, total protein concentration increased during the first two days but decreased by the third, total sugar concentration increased only on the first and fourth days, and lipid content decreased significantly on the first day but began to increase by the second day after treatment. These findings led us to conclude that parasitization inhibited protein mobilization but stimulated sugar mobilization in host hemolymph, and promoted lipid mobilization in the host body, while Spodoptera exigua NPV infection stimulated protein mobilization induced by parasitization but inhibited sugar mobilization induced by parasitization.
J.-X. Jiang X.-Y. Ji Y.-Y. Yin N.-F. Wan (&) Eco-environment Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, 1000#, Jinqi Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai 201403, China e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords Lipid Protein Sugar Nucleopolyhedrovirus Spodoptera exigua (Hu¨bner) Microplitis pallidipes Szepligeti
J.-X. Jiang e-mail: [email protected]
Introduction
X.-Y. Ji e-mail: [email protected] Y.-Y. Yin e-mail: [email protected]
Hemolymph is a critical component of the circulatory system of insects (Hoch et al. 2004; Dushay 2009; Gonza´lez-Santoyo and Co´rdoba-Aguilar 2012) and
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plays an important role in nutrient storage, hor
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