The Effect of Surface Finish on Low-Temperature Acetylene-Based Carburization of 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel
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TIC stainless steels are among the most ductile and most corrosion resistant of all ferrous alloys.[1] However, because of their FCC crystal structure, austenitic stainless steels exhibit modest hardness (tensile yield strength of 200 MPa in annealed material) and poor wear properties compared to BCC ferritic and BCT martensitic stainless steels. This significantly limits their wider applications.[1–4] Surface hardening by conventional carburization or nitriding is not available because at the elevated temperature of conventional surface hardening, formation of Cr-containing carbides and nitrides cannot be avoided, and the Cr depletion from the austenite matrix can severely degrade corrosion resistance.[5,6] Carbide and nitride precipitation can also degrade the ductility and fracture toughness of the steel. Carburization or nitriding at low temperature [773 K (
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