The effect of the electric field on the output performance of triboelectric nanogenerators
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The effect of the electric field on the output performance of triboelectric nanogenerators Hong Yi1 · Lun Xiong1
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Energy harvesting using triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) is an effective strategy to supply power to microelectronics, the Internet of Things, etc. Generally, the output performance of a triboelectric nanogenerator is limited by the breakdown of air. Hence, we systematically investigate a TENG operating in the contact-separation mode and single-electrode mode from the perspective of the electric field that builds up between the metal electrode and dielectric material. Finite-element simulations are conducted to illustrate the difference between such devices in terms of the static electric field and output performance. The TENG operating in the contact-separation mode has a lower built-in electric field but can deliver much higher transferred charges, short-circuit current, and open-circuit voltage. Furthermore, the output performance of the TENG operating in the single-electrode mode can be enhanced by reducing the gap distance. These findings not only illustrate the process of contact electrification but also show the great potential of such devices for realizing noncontact energy conversion. Keywords Internet of Things · Triboelectric nanogenerator · Electric field · Energy conversion
1 Introduction Energy plays an important role in daily life, especially in the era of the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence [1–3]. With the development of large numbers of distributed sensors, intelligent robots, and electronic devices, power supply will become a critical issue for these portable or distributed devices [4]. Currently, the Internet of Things relies on data acquisition in real time, commonly being powered by batteries or capacitors [5, 6]. However, issues related to efficiency decay, environmental pollution, and frequent replacement or recharge make it desirable to develop energy extraction technologies that can be mounted on such devices themselves. Recently, a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) was invented for harvesting energy from the environmental mechanical energy that is ubiquitous and abundant in daily life [7]. The working mechanism of a TENG is based on the * Hong Yi [email protected] Lun Xiong [email protected] 1
School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Sichuan University of Arts and Science, Dazhou 635000, Sichuan, China
coupling between the contact electrification and electrostatic induction [8–10], providing an effective way to enhance understanding on contact electrification. This effect usually occurs at the interface between two different or even the same materials [11–13], being influenced by many factors such as the temperature, humidity, pressure, and surface properties of the materials [14–19]. Proper control of this static electric field effect has enabled its application in electrostatic printing [20], particle accelerators [21], electrostatic precipitation [13, 22, 23], etc. T
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