The Evolution of Civil-Military Relations in South East Europe Conti

It is notorious that the evolution of civil-military relations and the security sector reform in South East Europe has to deal with post-totalitarian and post-conflict challenges. The book treats these issues also in the context of the adaptation to fight

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Philipp H. Fluri ´ Gustav E. Gustenau Plamen I. Pantev (Editors)

The Evolution of Civil-Military Relations in South East Europe Continuing Democratic Reform and Adapting to the Needs of Fighting Terrorism

Physica-Verlag A Springer Company

Philipp H. Fluri, Dr. Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces Rue de Chantepoulet 11 1211 Geneva 1 Switzerland [email protected] Gustav E. Gustenau, BG Mag. Bureau for Security Policy at the Austrian Ministry of Defence Stiftgasse 2 a 1070 Vienna Austria [email protected] Plamen I. Pantev, Professor Institute for Strategic and International Studies P.O. Box 231 1618 Sofia Bulgaria [email protected] Editorial Office: Mag. Walter Matyas Managing Editors: Mjr. Mag. Ernst M. Felberbauer and Frederic Labarre M. A.

The publication of this book was made possible through a generous contribution from the Bureau for Security Policy at the Austrian Ministry of Defence and the Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces ISBN-10 ISBN-13

3-7908-1572-1 Physica-Verlag Heidelberg New York 978-3-7908-1572-6 Physica-Verlag Heidelberg New York

Cataloging-in-Publication Data applied for Library of Congress Control Number: 2005927953 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Physica-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Physica is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springeronline.com ° Physica-Verlag Heidelberg 2005 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover-Design: Erich Kirchner, Heidelberg SPIN 11374435

88/3153-5 4 3 2 1 0 ± Printed on acid-free and non-aging paper

Preface by the Editors

As in the rest of Europe, September 11th and its global consequences have triggered an intensive security-political debate in the European Union, the effects of which will become noticeable in the field of the Reform of the Security Sector. Although there was considerable awareness for the dangers of terrorism even before the devastating attacks in the United States, which stem from memories of potential terrorists attacks by extremist political or religious groups, complete awareness of the dangers of terror were limited to few European countries (which experienced separatist movements). After 9/11, the “war on terrorism” was rapidly turned into the central security-political issue and found entrance into all strategic docum