## The Existence of Cauchy Kernels of Kravchenko-Generalized Dirac Operators

• PDF / 367,889 Bytes
• 12 Pages / 439.37 x 666.142 pts Page_size

The Existence of Cauchy Kernels of Kravchenko-Generalized Dirac Operators Doan Cong Dinh∗ Communicated by Rafal Ablamowicz Abstract. This paper deals with the static Maxwell system  → − div(Φ E ) = 0, → − curl E = 0, (x0 , x1 , x2 ) ∈ R3 . The system is reformulated in quaternion analysis by Kravchenko in the form LF = 0 with LF = DF + F α. We consider special cases of the coeﬃcient function Φ = Φ0 (x0 )Φ1 (x1 )Φ2 (x2 ) and prove the existence of four generalized Cauchy kernels of the operator L. We construct four 2m 2n explicit generalized Cauchy kernels in the case Φ = x2p 0 x1 x2 . Mathematics Subject Classification. 30A05, 30G30, 35Q61, 30G20, 78A30. Keywords. Cliﬀord analysis, Generalized monogenic functions, Static Maxwell system, Generalized Cauchy kernel, Integral representation of solutions.

1. Introduction The static Maxwell system in a three dimensional inhomogeneous isotropic media provided by a coeﬃcient Φ = Φ(x0 , x1 , x2 ) > 0 is in the form  → − div(Φ E ) = 0, (1.1) → − curl E = 0, → − where E = (E1 , E2 , E3 ) is the electric ﬁeld strength. The static Maxwell system is investigated with some diﬀerent forms of the coeﬃcient Φ in [2,3,6]. The system (1.1) is reformulated in quaternion analysis by Kravchenko [8,9] in the following way. We recall the notation of the quaternion algebra H = {q0 + q1 i + q2 j + q3 k| q0 , q1 , q2 , q3 ∈ R}, ∗ Corresponding

author. 0123456789().: V,-vol

2

Page 2 of 12

D. C. Dinh

where the quaternion units i, j, and k obey the multiplication rules i2 = j2 = k2 = ijk = −1. The Dirac operator in quaternion analysis is given by D=i

∂ ∂ ∂ +j +k . ∂x0 ∂x1 ∂x2

→ − The vector E = (E1 , E2 , E3 ) is identiﬁed with iE1 + jE2 + kE3 ∈ H. Deﬁning √ → − → − F = Φ E , the system (1.1) is equivalent to the equation → − − → D F + F α = 0, 1 ∂Φ , i = 0, 1, 2. 2Φ ∂xi Kravchenko introduces a generalized Dirac operator L by

where α = iα0 + jα1 + kα2 , αi =

LF = DF + F α,

(1.2)

where one considers functions F of the form F (x) = F0 + iF1 + jF2 + kF3 whose domain of deﬁnition is in R3 and values are quaternions. The operator of type L appeared in [12] for the ﬁrst time using the matrix notation with constant coeﬃcients. In this paper, we consider Φ = Φ0 (x0 )Φ1 (x1 )Φ2 (x2 ) which is introduced in [7] together with some physical models. That form of Φ corresponds to quite interesting, nontrivial situations. If Φ = Φ(x2 ) then we deal with electrostatic models in plane-layered inhomogeneous media [10,13]. In Sect. 2, with some additional conditions on the coeﬃcients, we prove the existence of four Cauchy kernels of the operator L by using principal fundamental solutions of associated Schr¨ odinger operators. In Sect. 3, we consider a spe2m 2n cial function Φ = x2p 0 x1 x2 and construct four explicit generalized Cauchy kernels of the operator L.

2. Construction of four Cauchy Kernels Suppose that Φ = Φ0 (x0 )Φ1 (x1 )Φ2 (x2 ), Φi (xi ) ∈ C 2 , Φi (xi ) > 0, ∀xi ∈ R, i = 0, 1, 2. Deﬁne LF = DF − F α(x), F R = F D − α(