The History and Epidemiology of Fibroids
Although fibroids are the commonest tumours to afflict the pelvic organs of women and have been recognised and named since ancient times they were not amenable to treatment until the first laparotomy was performed just over 200 years ago. Without the bene
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Contents
Abstract
1
Introduction ........................................................................
3
2 2.1
Fibroids ............................................................................... Nomenclature .......................................................................
4 4
3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7
Epidemiology ...................................................................... Age at Menarche ................................................................. Race...................................................................................... Parity .................................................................................... Oral Contraceptives ............................................................. Intrauterine Devices............................................................. Smoking ............................................................................... Hypertension, Obesity, Diabetes and Insulin Resistance and Anovulatory Infertility..................................................
4 4 5 5 5 5 5
4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14
Surgical Treatment of Fibroids ....................................... The First Laparotomy: Christmas Day 1809...................... The Surgeon: Ephraim McDowell ...................................... The Patient: Jane Todd-Crawford ....................................... The Operation ...................................................................... The First Abdominal Hysterectomy on November 17, 1843...................................................................................... The First Successful Hysterectomy in the World .............. The First Successful Hysterectomy in Europe ................... Surgery in the Late Nineteenth Century............................. The First Myomectomy ....................................................... Early Reports of Myomectomy in England........................ Victor Bonney: Advocate and Pioneer of Conservative Surgery ................................................................................. Records and Curiosities in the History of Fibroids ........... Other Approaches to the Treatment of Fibroids ................ Minimal Access Therapy ....................................................
References......................................................................................
C. J. G. Sutton (&) Gynaecological Surgery, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK e-mail: [email protected] C. J. G. Sutton Gunners Farm, Stringers Common, Jacobs Well, Guildford, Surrey GU4 7PR, UK
Although fibroids are the commonest tumours to afflict the pelvic organs of women and have been recognised and named since ancient times they were not amenable to treatment until the first laparotomy was performed just over 200 years ago. Without the benefit of modern imaging techniques there was considerable confusion between massive fibroids and large ovarian tumours and the diagnosis was of
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