The impact of microfluidic reactor configuration on hydrodynamics, conversion and selectivity during indan oxidation
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The impact of microfluidic reactor configuration on hydrodynamics, conversion and selectivity during indan oxidation Muhammad N. Siddiquee 1
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Yucheng Wu 1
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Arno de Klerk 1
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Neda Nazemifard 1
Received: 25 March 2020 / Accepted: 17 August 2020 # Akadémiai Kiadó 2020
Abstract The effect of microfluidic reactor dimensions and cross section geometry on hydrodynamics, conversion and selectivity was studied for gas-liquid two-phase flow reactors. Indan oxidation at 100–160 °C and 300 kPa O2 was employed to study the impact of hydrodynamics on conversion and product selectivity. Microfluidic reactors of different dimensions and cross-section geometries were employed, 62.5 μL of irregular (half-elliptical) shape (Reactor A) and 1000 μL of rectangular shape (Reactor B). An in-depth mass transfer analysis was performed for the two reactors. For the same operating parameters of flow rate, temperature and pressure, a higher gas-liquid interfacial area was obtained with Reactor A than Reactor B. The configuration of Reactor A also resulted in better mixing than in Reactor B. These differences affected the free radical oxidation chemistry differently. At none of the conditions studied was oxygen transport from the gas to the liquid phase limiting. Indan conversion was dependent on gas–liquid interfacial area per unit volume, which caused Reactor A to achieve higher conversion than Reactor B at otherwise similar operating conditions. Product selectivity depended on oxygen availability in the bulk liquid. Poorer mixing in Reactor B caused the product from Reactor B to exhibit selectivity behavior typical of both high local oxygen availability (high ketone-to-alcohol ratio and higher selectivity to secondary products), and low local oxygen availability (addition products). The study demonstrated how reactor engineering could be used to independently control the conversion and the selectivity during liquid phase free radical oxidation chemistry. Keywords Microfluidic reactor . Indan . Oxidation . Conversion . Product selectivity
Introduction The study of chemistry in miniaturized flow reactors became very popular for a wide range of chemical synthesis processes, such as oxidation [1–4], hydrogenation [5, 6], halogenation [7] and bioprocessing [8]. Advantages of the miniaturized reactors Highlights • Reactor configuration influenced the hydrodynamic parameters (size of slug, bubble, and interfacial area) and mixing • Change in hydrodynamic parameters and mixing affected the oxygen availability, conversion and selectivity differently • Oxygen transport over the gas–liquid interface was much higher compared to the oxygen consumption Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s41981-020-00111-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Neda Nazemifard [email protected] 1
Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211 – 116th Street, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
are: (i) improved heat and mass tr
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