The In-situ Growth NiFe-layered Double Hydroxides/g-C 3 N 4 Nanocomposite 2D/2D Heterojunction for Enhanced Photocatalyt
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The In‑situ Growth NiFe‑layered Double Hydroxides/g‑C3N4 Nanocomposite 2D/2D Heterojunction for Enhanced Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction Performance Xiaoya Zhao1 · Xiuping Zhao1 · Inam Ullah1 · Linning Gao1 · Junzheng Zhang1 · Jun Lu1 Received: 30 January 2020 / Accepted: 6 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract A tightly 2D/2D heterojunction of g-C3N4(g-CN)/NiFe-layered double hydroxides (NiFe-LDH) was prepared in situ. The proper band-gap matching between NiFe-LDH and g-CN increased the transfer pathway of photogenerated electrons and holes between semiconductors. This in turn effectively reduced the recombination rate of photogenerated electrons and holes. Meanwhile, addition of g-CN to the matrix modified the surface morphology of NiFe-LDH and prevented agglomeration of two-dimensional materials while increased their ductility. Moreover, specific area of NiFe-LDH was found 3.06 times larger for 5:1-NiFe-LDH/0.8 g-CN as compared to 5:1-NiFe-LDH. The larger surface area results in availability of multiple reaction sites for the reduction of C O2. Upon exposure to light for 4 h, the product revealed 55.79 μmol/g and 20.45 μmol/g efficiency for CO and C H4 respectively, which was 3.57 times higher than pure NiFe-LDH and 4.25 times higher than pure g-CN. Furthermore, the product revealed as high as 73.2% selectivity for CO. Results authenticate the prepared g-CN containing NiFe-LDH as highly stable, efficient and selective two-dimensional materials for CO2 reduction upon exposure to light. Graphic Abstract
Keywords NiFe-layered double hydroxides · g-C3N4 · photocatalysis · CO2 reduction Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-020-03426-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Extended author information available on the last page of the article
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1 Introduction Nowadays, the ever-increasing global warming is the inauspicious repercussion of excessive release of C O2 to atmosphere from both natural and anthropogenic sources [1, 2]. To mitigate the excessive amount of CO2 in the atmosphere is a notable issue for the researchers of this era. Natural plants, which are considered as the lungs of universe, ally this hazardous gas from atmosphere through the process of photosynthesis [3]. Taking natural photosynthesis as a benchmark, mimicking an artificial photosynthesis platform has become the focus of our research [4–11]. Photocatalytic conversion of CO2 to valuable chemical materials, such as CO [12–14], CH4 [15–17], CH3OH [18], and HCOOH [19], is considered an effective means to eradicate the excessive amount of CO2. To avail an excellent conversion of CO2 into valuable product, choosing a suitable photocatalyst from the following aspects, specific surface area [20, 21], light absorption range [4], electron hole separation [8, 22, 23] and carrier transport, reaction sites and high selectivity of products [24, 25] are the main not
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