The inhibitory effect of curcumin via fascin suppression through JAK/STAT3 pathway on metastasis and recurrence of ovary
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
The inhibitory effect of curcumin via fascin suppression through JAK/STAT3 pathway on metastasis and recurrence of ovary cancer cells Mi Ju Kim1* , Ki‑Su Park2, Kyoung‑Tae Kim2 and Eun Young Gil2
Abstract Background: Fascin is an actin-binding protein and highly expressed in ovarian cancer cells. It is associated with metastasis of cancer and may be a useful prognostic factor. Anticancer activity of curcumin is related to its effect on several signaling mechanisms. Although there have been many reports regarding the anticancer properties of curcumin, its inhibitory effects on migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells, particularly in the context of fascin expression, have not been reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of curcumin on fascin expression in ovarian cancer cells and to propose a possible mechanism for the anticancer activity of curcumin through reduced fascin expression. Methods: SKOV3, human epithelial ovary cancer cell line, was cultured with curcumin at various dose and dura‑ tion. The fascin was quantified using cell viability test and Western blot. To determine the effect of curcumin on the upstream pathway of fascin expression, the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was analyzed by sandwich-ELISA. Attachment assay, migration assay and invasion assay were analyzed to approve the change of cel‑ lular invasiveness of ovary cancer after curcumin. To determine the morphological changes of ovarian cancer cells by curcumin, immunofluorescence was performed. Results: MTS assays showed that cell viability was different at various concentration of curcumin, and as concentra‑ tion increased, cell viability tended to decrease. Curcumin appears to suppress fascin expression, even with a mini‑ mal concentration and short exposure time. Also, curcumin may suppress fascin expression in ovarian cancer cells through STAT3 downregulation. The attachment assay, migration assay and invasion assay of the ovarian cancer cells exhibited a statistically significant decrease. Immunofluorescence revealed a change of cell shape from a typical form of uninfluenced cells to a more polygonal appearance, with a significant reduction in filopodia formation. Conclusions: Curcumin reduces fascin expression through JAK/STAT3 pathway inhibition, which interferes with the cellular interactions essential for the metastasis and recurrence of ovarian cancer cells. Higher curcumin concentra‑ tions and longer exposure times concomitantly decreased fascin expression. Keywords: Ovary cancer, Curcumin, Fascin, JAK/STAT3 pathway
*Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, 130 Dongdeok‑ro, Jung‑gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
Background Ovarian cancer is one of the most common neoplasms associated with a high mortality rate among women worldwide [1]. Epithe
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