The limitations in the state-of-the-art counter-measures against the security threats in H-IoT
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The limitations in the state-of-the-art counter-measures against the security threats in H-IoT Yazdan Ahmad Qadri1 • Rashid Ali2 • Arslan Musaddiq1 • Fadi Al-Turjman3 • Dae Wan Kim4 Sung Won Kim1
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Received: 8 June 2019 / Revised: 10 October 2019 / Accepted: 19 December 2019 Ó Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Internet of Things (IoT) technology is anticipated to pave the way for groundbreaking applications in a number of areas of current healthcare systems. Given the significant number of connected medical devices, the vital data generated by the patient is under several security threats. Selective Forwarding (SF) and Wormhole (WH) attacks are two critical threats that cause information deficit in the network. The SF attack drops critical data packets at compromised nodes while the WH attack creates fallacious routing tables due to the introduction of malicious routes in the network. In this paper, we focus on the security aspects of Healthcare-IoT and review the proposed counter-measures against the SF and WH attacks. We weigh the recently postulated counter-measures based on their significance and identify their limitations. Additionally, we propose a blockchain-based cryptographic framework for mitigating SF and WH attacks in H-IoT. We explore future research directions in mitigating these threats. Keywords Healthcare IoT Selective forwarding attack WBANs Wormhole attack Blockchain technology
1 Introduction
& Sung Won Kim [email protected] Yazdan Ahmad Qadri [email protected] Rashid Ali [email protected] Arslan Musaddiq [email protected] Fadi Al-Turjman [email protected] Dae Wan Kim [email protected] 1
Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
2
School of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
3
Artificial Intelligence Department, Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, Mersin, Turkey
4
Department of Business Administration, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
Internet of Things (IoT) encompasses both the physical things and digital information combined over a communication network. When wearable sensors and medical actuators send sensed data over the IoT for healthcare purposes, it constitutes a Healthcare Internet of Things (HIoT) [1]. The sensors perform the ubiquitous monitoring of vital human body functions. The vital parameters, like blood glucose level, blood oxygen level, blood pressure, body temperature, and electrocardiogram, are monitored. Such systems are becoming increasingly popular in relieving the pressure on the hospitals, where a majority of patients are under observation. H-IoT covers areas such as Ubiquitous Health Monitoring (UHM), Computer-Assisted Rehabilitation (CAR), Emergency Medical Response System (EMRS) and lifestyle tracking [2]. It has been estimated that over 50 billion devices would be connected to the internet by 2020 [3] through IoT
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