The Logic of Epistemology and the Epistemology of Logic Selected Ess
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THE LOGIC OF EPISTEMOLOGY AND THE EPISTEMOLOGY OF LOGIC Selected Essays
JAAKKO HINTIKKA Florida State University, Tallahassee
and
MERRILL B. HINTIKKA t
KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS DORDRECHT I BOSTON I LONDON
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Hlntlkka, Jaakko, 1929The logIc of eplstelology and the eplstelology of logIc essays I by Jaakko Hlntlkka, MerrIll B. Hlntlkka. p. CI. -- (Syothese lIbrary) 1. Knowledge, Theory of. 2. Lagle. 3. Eptstellcs. MerrIll B., 1939II. Tttle. III. SerIes.
selected
1. Htnttkka,
BD161.H535 1988
121--dcI9
88-39953
ISBN-13: 978-0-7923-0041-0 DOl: 10.1007/ 978-94-009-2647-9
e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-2647-9
Published by Kluwer Academic Publishers, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands. Kluwer Academic Publishers incorporates the publishing programmes of D. Reidel, Martinus Nijhoff, Dr W. Junk and MTP Press. Sold and distributed in the U.S.A. and Canada by Kluwer Academic Publishers, 101 Philip Drive, Norwell, MA 02061, U.S.A. In all other countries, sold and distributed by Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, P.O. Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
Also published in 1989 in hardbound edition in the series Synthese Library, Volume 200
All Rights Reserved © 1989 by Kluwer Academic Publishers
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1989 No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.
To Patrick Suppes a mentor and a friend
TABLE OF CONTENTS Origin of the Essays
ix
Errata
xi
Introduction
xiii
Essay 1. Is Alethic Modal Logic Possible? Essay 2. Reasoning About Knowledge in Philosophy: The Paradigm of Epistemic Logic
17
Essay 3. Are There Nonexistent Objects? Why Not?But WhereAre They?
37
Essay 4. On Sense, Reference, and the Objects of Knowledge
45
Essay 5. Impossible Possible Worlds Vindicated
63
Essay 6. Towards a General Theory of Individuation and Identification
73
Essay 7. On the Proper Treatment of Quantifiers in Montague Semantics
97
Essay 8. The Cartesian cogito, Epistemic Logic and Neuroscience: Some Surprising Interrelations
113
Essay 9. Quine on Who's Who
137
Essay 10. How Can Language Be Sexist?
155
Essay 11. On Denoting What?
165
Essay 12. Degrees and Dimensions of Intentionality
183
Essay 13. Situations, Possible Worlds and Attitudes
205
Essay 14. Questioning as a Philosophical Method
215
Index of Subjects
235
Index of Names
243
ORIGIN OF THE ESSAYS
The author is Jaakko Hintikka unless otherwise indicated. Essay 1. Is Alethic Modal Logic Possible?, by I. Niiniluoto and E. Saarinen, eds., Intensional Logic: Theory and Applications, Acta Philosophical Fennica, vol. 35, Societas Philosophica Fennica, Helsinki, 1982, pp. 89-105. Essay 2. Reasoning About Knowledge in Philosophy: The Paradigm ofEpistemic Logic, in Joseph Y.
