The melting and dissolution of low-carbon steels in iron-carbon melts
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TIME, MINUTES
Fig. 1--Typical bath carbon and bath temperatures during a BOF blow. and to develop a s p e c i f i c , m a t h e m a t i c a l m o d e l of the s u g g e s t e d m e c h a n i s m that would m a k e it p o s s i b l e to p r e d i c t the p r o g r e s s i o n of m e l t i n g and d i s s o l u t i o n of l o w - c a r b o n s t e e l s in i r o n - c a r b o n m e l t s . A t the t i m e that the p r e s e n t m a n u s c r i p t was being c o m p l e t e d for p u b l i c a t i o n the a u t h o r s r e c e i v e d t r a n s l a t i o n s of two e x c e l l e n t J a p a n e s e a r t i c l e s by K a s u m i M o r i and H i r o y u k i N o m u r a . a'9 In t h e s e s t u d i e s the a u t h o r s e x p e r i m e n t a l l y d e t e r m i n e d a r a n g e for the m a s s t r a n s f e r c o e f f i c i e n t which c h a r a c t e r i z e s the d i s s o l u t i o n of i r o n in i r o n - c a r b o n m e l t s u n d e r c o n d i tions of t h e r m a l e q u i l i b r i u m . The c o e f f i c i e n t s w e r e then u s e d a s a p a r a m e t e r in finite d i f f e r e n c e s o l u t i o n s of the s y s t e m e q u a t i o n s for a v a r i e t y of s l a b t h i c k n e s s e s , c a r b o n c o n c e n t r a t i o n s and bath t e m p e r a t u r e . The next s e c t i o n of the p a p e r is devoted to the e x p e r i m e n t a l p a r t of the p r o g r a m , followed by the d e v e l o p m e n t of the m a t h e m a t i c a l m o d e l and e x p e r i m e n t a l c o m p a r i s o n s . T h e m o d e l is then u s e d to e s t i m a t e the k i n e t i c s of s c r a p m e l t i n g u n d e r c o n d i t i o n s which a p p r o x i m a t e t h o s e in the BOF p r o c e s s . VOLUME 3, NOVEMBER 1972-2825
EXPERIMENTAL
T h e e x p e r i m e n t a l p a r t of the p r o g r a m w a s c a r r i e d out at the H o m e r R e s e a r c h L a b o r a t o r i e s of the B e t h l e h e m Steel C o r p o r a t i o n . The o b j e c t i v e of the e x p e r i m e n t a l study was to i n v e s t i g a t e the m e l t i n g of s t e e l c y l i n d e r s u n d e r c o n t r o l l e d c o n d i t i o n s so that the r e s u l t s could be c o m p a r e d with the p r e d i c t i o n s obtained with the m a t h e m a t i c a l m o d e l . The f u r n a c e u s e d for the e x p e r i m e n t a l m e l t s was an 3 . induction f u r n a c e 17~ in. high by 14-~ m . in d i a m e t e r with a c a p a c i t y of 650 lb. of m o l t e n s t e e l . T h e p o w e r w a s s u p p l i e d by a 175 kw 1 kc g e n e r a t o r . The t e m p e r a t u r e of the m e l t w a s d e t e r m i n e d with i m m e r s i o n thermocouples. The p r o c e d u r e c o n s i s t e d of m e l t i n g a pig i r o n c h a r g e of known c o m p o s i t i o n . Upon m e l t d o w n , a s a m p l e w a s t a k e n f o r a n a l y s i s . By a d j u s t i n g the p o w e r , the t e m p e r a t u r e w a s s e t to a
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