The Method of Determining Velocity by Measuring the Vehicle-Body Deformation Plane Approximation Method
Crash test vehicle are mainly defining the relationship between the speed of the vehicle in the early phases of the collision and the energy necessary for the deformation occurs. Vehicle speed at the start of the collision is determined by comparing the b
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źniak P. Jóżwiak S. Madziara M. Najbert A. Szosland Department of Vehicles and Machine Design, Technical University of Lodz, 116 Żeromskiego, 90-924 Lodz, Poland e-mail: [email protected] M. Woźniak e-mail: [email protected] P. Jóżwiak e-mail: [email protected] S. Madziara e-mail: [email protected] M. Najbert e-mail: [email protected] A. Szosland e-mail: [email protected] К.B. Гeннaдьeвич Факультет машиностроения, Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого, Великий Новгород ул. Большая Санкт-Петербургская, д. 41, Великий Новгород, 173003, Russia e-mail: [email protected] G. Ozuna Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016 S.-I. Ao et al. (eds.), Transactions on Engineering Technologies, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-1088-0_4
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Keywords Car accidents Coefficient of restitution Crash test factor Equivalent speed energy NHTSA Vehicle speed
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1 Introduction Currently, the vehicles were the result of the work of engineers and scientists to a group of more than 100 years. However, a growing number of vehicles, together with the lack of driving skills and poor quality of infrastructure, leading to a large number of collisions. Since 1990, only in Poland, the number of vehicles increased by 62.6%. In 1990-2009, there were more than 1 million 61 thousand accidents that left 126,000 people have died and more than 1 million 336 thousand injured. The greatest number of road accidents take place in Germany, Italy and the UK, which is directly related to the number of vehicles in these countries. Poland, with 44.196 accidents, occupies 6th place. However, the largest number of deaths per 100 accidents recorded in Poland-10, 3 and Lithuania-9.9. These statistics clearly indicates a problem with traffic safety on our roads. So far, the existing methods for determining the vehicle speed based on measurements of the deformation of the vehicle body are applied linear models. This means that the relationship between the EES searched (the energy equivalent to the speed defined as the kinetic energy lost during the collision of the vehicle), and the value of the coefficient Cs (corresponding to the mean value of the six points of the deformation of the body) was linear, It has been determined that the critical factors for this analysis is the coefficient bk and slope constituting the above-mentioned linear relationship. His constant value corresponds to the assumption of linear behavior of the system response to internal forces during a collision deformation of the vehicle. However, for a fixed coefficient bk on the basis of tables for a given class of vehicles leads to an error in the assessment of the EES more than 12%, which prevents the practical application of this method in case of actual collisions. Using nonlinear model and bk coefficient calculated from the regression equation polynomial, f
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