The Paris Agreement Climate Change, Solidarity, and Human Rights

This book discusses the immediate and severe threat posed by global climate change and the various obstacles that stand in the way of action. Judith Blau presents scientific evidence relevant to The Paris Agreement (COP-21): an international treaty that p

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Judith Blau

The Paris Agreement Climate Change, Solidarity, and Human Rights

Judith Blau University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA

ISBN 978-3-319-53540-1 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-53541-8

ISBN 978-3-319-53541-8 (eBook)

Library of Congress Control Number: 2017935814 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover illustration: Détail de la Tour Eiffel © nemesis2207/Fotolia.co.uk Printed on acid-free paper This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

To a few former students Annette, Asif, Berhane, Gordana, Keri, Marlese, Mim, Nawsheen, Niobra, Rafael, Raj, Tanya

PREFACE

November 2016 may very well be remembered as the most decisive month ever for the fate of humanity. Indeed, for the fate of the habitable planet. On November 4, the Paris Agreement entered into force. It is the international treaty that binds states to make the transition from fossil fuels – namely fuels that are responsible for emissions that warm the earth – to renewable energy and establishes guidelines for rich countries – largely responsible for emissions now in the atmosphere – to aid poor countries acquire technologies for renewable energy, notably solar, wind, and tidal technologies. November 6 was the opening day of meetings in Marrakesh, Morocco, to launch the Paris Agreement. (Officially, it was the 22nd Conference of Parties, or COP-22.) Over 25,000 people attended. They included scientists, heads of state and ministers, farmers, representatives of faith groups, indigenous peoples, fisher men and women, CEOs of multinationals, people from nongovernmental organizations, and journalists. It became clear in the pr