The path to ubiquitous organic electronics hinges on its stability
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This focus issue of the Journal of Materials Research contains peer reviewed articles that were accepted in response to a call for manuscripts
The path to ubiquitous organic electronics hinges on its stability Guest Editors: Christoph Brabec Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany
Hans-Joachim Egelhaaf Bavarian Center for Applied Energy Research, Germany
Michael Salvador KAUST Solar Center, Saudi Arabia
In the year 2004, a revealing review by Stephen Forrest pointed to how organic electronics could shake up the conventional semiconductor industry by exploring the fact that organic semiconductors, in principle, could be processed on inexpensive plastic substrates of virtually any shape from solution or gas phase using high throughput methods.1 One of the key challenges identified was the successful translation from the proofof-concept using lab-scale approaches to large-area appliances. This would require a high degree of innovation to achieve ultra low-cost fabrication methodologies, compatible with industrial standards. Since then, the processing of organic semiconductors through printing and coating techniques to realize life size device fabrication has developed rapidly, to the extent that organic light emitting diodes (OLED), organic field effect transistors (OFET), and organic photovoltaics (OPV) advanced from a lab curiosity to commercialized mainstream technologies, mainly in the form of displays and, partially, solar modules. Today, organic printed electronics are evolving towards smart, highly functional sensors, monitoring temperature, pressure, optical signals, and even physiological parameters. An extension of this development is the emerging interest in the integration of organic semiconductors into imperceptible electronics, soft machines, and detectors of neurological activity.2 This is possible because organic devices can now be processed onto ultrathin (;1lm), ultra-flexible and stretchable substrates, allowing electronics to seemingly conform to three-dimensional shapes and biological tissue.3 These are obviously very exciting developments, where interfacing organic electronics with biological material brings about its own technological challenges. Still, a common, often underestimated, problem for early and advanced applications of organic electronics is the device stability with respect to environmental contaminants – mainly oxygen and moisture – light, and DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2018.239 J. Mater. Res., Vol. 33, No. 13, Jul 14, 2018
mechanical stress. From the more established organic electronics technologies such as OLED and OPV, it is well known that packaging costs typically dominate the overall production cost because the performance of these types of devices quickly deteriorates when the permeation of moisture and oxygen exceeds 10-6 g/m-2/day a
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