"The path toward more powerful battery systems with long life"
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C OVER STORY Intervie w
“The path toward more powerful battery systems with long life” High amplitude current pulses can damage electrical energy storage devices based on lithium-ion technology. The use of ultracapacitors is therefore of particular interest in the field of modern electric mobility, Dr. Sebastian Pohlmann suggests in the interview. As the person responsible for strategic innovation at Skeleton, he is well informed about the advantages of physical energy storage devices designed as a system that can extend the life expectancy of a lithium-ion battery by up to 80 %.
ATZelectronics _ Dr. Pohlmann, allow me
at the very beginning of the interview to note that electric mobility has worked so far without the use of ultracapacitors.
You are right. However, with the disadvantages that I am sure you are aware of. Significant resources are required to use these electrical energy storage devices. In addition, lithium-ion batteries suffer from a short lifetime. POHLMANN _
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So the life expectancy of a lithium-ion battery can be extended by using ultracapacitors?
Yes. Because ultracapacitors can store energy very efficiently. They can be charged and discharged millions of times, particularly with high currents. Charging and discharging times of just a few seconds or even milliseconds are not a problem for ultracapacitors. Unlike for lithiumion batteries, esspecially when recuperation events often last less than 5 s. The
efficiency of lithium-ion batteries when dealing with high currents is also not particularly high. This can be seen in events such as recuperation and acceleration. Neither is the braking energy fed in to 100 %, nor can energy be extracted for acceleration without losses. In addition, batteries heat up, which is why, in almost all automotive applications, complicated cooling systems must be employed for the lithium-ion battery.
Dr. Sebastian Pohlmann holds a doctorate in chemistry and has
© Skeleton
been researching into ultracapacitors since 2011. In 2014, he completed his PhD on the high-performance storage systems. Between 2018 and 2020, he was in charge of cell development at Skeleton Technologies and since 2020 has been responsible as Vice President of Innovation for the strategic innovation division, in particular with regard to collaboration with partners from research and industry.
And this inefficiency eventually has an effect on a lithium-ion battery’s lifetime?
That is correct. Our simulations show that the lifetime is significantly increased. We have been able to confirm the simulation results experimentally, albeit at a laboratory scale. The system we constructed with lithium-ion batteries and ultracapacitors showed that the battery was subjected to fewer high amplitude current impulses since these were intercepted by the ultracapacitors. Can you give me concrete numbers?
For battery-powered compact class vehicles, we assume an increase in lifetime of up to 30 %. For 48-V systems however, where the electrical energy storage system is much smaller, we expect inc
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