The Reorganization of the US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) and Its Effects
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The Reorganization of the US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) and Its Effects Soo-Young Lee 1 & Taesik Yun 2 & Andrew B. Whitford 3 & Jae Young Lim 1,4 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Few studies have assessed the consequences of reorganization on the perceptions of employees. The article examines the effects of the reorganization of the US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) on employee perceptions. It is based on the Federal Human Capital Survey, an important dataset prepared by the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) to improve the performance of federal agencies. The article assesses changes by comparing measures using t-tests and analysis of variance. The results show that the reorganization of the agency had a statistically significant effect on employee perceptions of performance, goal communication, internal communication, and resources. Keywords Reorganization . US Citizenship and Immigration services . Performance .
Employee perceptions . Department of Homeland Security
Introduction In recent decades, there have been numerous studies addressing the reorganization of government agencies (e.g., Boyle 1979; Maynard-Moody et al. 1986; Wilson 1989; Peters 1992; Thomas 1993; Christensen and Lægreid 2007; Pfiffner 2007). Some focus specifically on the creation of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) (e.g., Donley and Pollard 2002; Newmann 2002; Waugh and Sylves 2002; Wise and Nader 2002). However, the consequences of reorganization remain a historically-understudied topic (March and Olsen 1983).
* Jae Young Lim [email protected]
1
Graduate School of Public Administration, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
2
Carl Vinson Institute of Government, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
3
Department of Public Administration and Policy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
4
Community Wellbeing Research Center, Graduate School of Public Administration, Seoul NationalUniversity, Seoul, Korea
Lee S.-Y. et al.
The article assesses the effects of the DHS reorganization on employee perceptions of organizational performance and managerial experience. It focuses on the transformation of the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) under the Department of Justice (DOJ) into the US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) under the DHS. As the USCIS retained the same main functions as its predecessor, a before-and-after comparison is used to examine the impact. The article relies on data from two Federal Human Capital Surveys (FHCS), an important dataset that the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) administers to improve agency performance and worker-related managerial practices (United States Office of Personnel Management 2005). Using t-tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA) and controlling for both time and reorganization, the article finds that the reorganization had a statistically significant effect on employee perceptions of performance, goal communication, internal communication, information sharing, leadership,
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