The Role of Coping Strategies in Understanding the Relationship Between Parental Support and Psychological Outcomes in A
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The Role of Coping Strategies in Understanding the Relationship Between Parental Support and Psychological Outcomes in Anxious Youth David Simpson1 · Liza Suarez2 · Lauren Cox2 · Sucheta Connolly3
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2018
Abstract The current study examined the moderating role of coping strategies on psychological outcomes at varying levels of parental support in a sample of clinically anxious youth. Youth (N = 174, mean age 11.89) completed the Children’s Coping Strategies Checklist, Child and Adolescent Social Support Scale, Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children and Children’s Depression Inventory. Data was gathered at a large, university-based anxiety disorders treatment clinic. This nonexperimental design analyzed the use of active and avoidant coping strategies as a moderator of anxiety and depression, while controlling for parental support. Results revealed active coping strategies did moderate the relationship between parental support and anxiety, however, not as expected while the significant moderation role of avoidance coping was mixed. Findings showed that anxious youth with more parental support and more active coping were at risk for higher levels of anxiety, yet protected from higher depression. Avoidant coping strategies did moderate in a manner that was predicted for higher anxiety symptoms. Results suggest increased need for parental involvement in the treatment of anxiety disorders in youth. Keywords Anxiety · Coping strategies · Parental support · Children · Adolescents
Introduction Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental health disorders in children and adolescents with up to 20% of children meeting diagnostic criteria for one or more anxiety disorder (Chavira, Stein, Bailey, & Stein, 2004; Costello & Angold, * David Simpson [email protected] Liza Suarez [email protected] Lauren Cox [email protected] Sucheta Connolly [email protected] 1
Department of Social Work, Pacific Lutheran University, 12180 Park Ave. S., Tacoma, WA 98477, USA
2
Institute for Juvenile Research (MC 747), University of Illinois at Chicago, 1747 W. Roosevelt Rd. Suite 155, Chicago, IL 60608, USA
3
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC3077, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
1995; Kessler et al., 2011; Pine, Helfinstein, Bar-Haim, Nelson, & Fox, 2009). Development of anxiety disorders in youth has been linked to biologic and environmental risk factors (Spence, 2001). Parental behaviors and support such as over-protection and control, criticism by parents, parents’ ability to accept negative or anxious affect in their child, and parent’s modeling inappropriate anxious coping are all associated with the development of anxiety and depression in youth (Cobham, Dadds, & Spence, 1998; Hudson & Rapee, 2001; Malecki, Demaray, & Elliott, 2004; McLeod, Wood, & Weisz, 2007a, b; Rapee, 1997; Whaley, Pinto, & Sigman, 1999; Wood, McLeod, Sigman, Hwang, & Chu, 2003). Counter to these risk factors, protect
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