The role of two different training systems in affecting carbon sequestration capability in hazelnut orchards
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The role of two different training systems in affecting carbon sequestration capability in hazelnut orchards Mirko U. Granata1 1
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Rosangela Catoni1
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Francesco Bracco1
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Via S. Epifanio 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy
Received: 8 June 2020 / Revised: 27 October 2020 / Accepted: 28 October 2020 The Author(s) 2020
Abstract As a part of a larger study concerning the carbon sequestration capability by hazelnut orchards in Italy, we analyzed the total amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) removed over the year from the atmosphere through the net assimilation rates in two hazelnut orchards in Piedmont (i.e., the second region in Italy for surface and production). In particular, considering the key role played by the structural traits in affecting carbon sequestration potential, we assessed the impact of two different training systems widely diffused in the region: single trunk in orchardA and bush-like in orchardB. The results showed that plants in orchardA and orchardB sequestered 10.6 ± 1.8 and 25.7 ± 4.2 kg (CO2) plant-1 month-1, respectively. Higher CO2 sequestration in the plants in orchardB was due to their higher leaf area index relative to plants in orchardA. The mean CO2 sequestration from orchardA and orchardB per area was 4.25 ± 1.72 and 8.57 ± 3.41 Mg (CO2) ha-1 month-1, respectively. We also estimated the total amount of CO2 emission by the management over the entire production season in 157.335 kg CO2eq ha-1 by summing the contribution of diesel fuel, machinery and fertilization practices and considering that the total amount of CO2 sequestered by the two hazelnut orchards over the entire study period was estimated in 26 Mg (CO2) ha-1 in orchardA, and in 51 Mg (CO2) ha-1 in orchardB, they had an effective positive role as carbon sink at this local level. Keywords Hazelnut orchard Training systems Carbon sequestration Leaf area index
& Rosangela Catoni [email protected]
1 Introduction In the scenario of expected climatic change (temperature increases and water deficits) related to the greenhouse effect, there has been an increasing interest on the carbon (C) cycle in terrestrial ecosystems (Don et al. 2012). The global warming is now clearly recognized as a major threat to natural and socioeconomic systems, and the global community is searching for cost-effective ways to slow the build-up of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations and minimize its impact (Kirschbaum 2006). The Kyoto protocol to the United Nations framework convention on climate change (1997) establishes the principle that carbon sequestration can be used by participating nations to help meet their respective net emission reduction targets for carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases. In fact, by sequestering a large amount of atmospheric C, terrestrial ecosystems are thought to offer a mitigation strategy for reducing global warming (Schimel et al. 2001). Specifically, the Article 3.4 of the Kyoto Protocol recommended, among the allo
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