The safety and efficacy of once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist semaglutide in patients with type 2 diab
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META-ANALYSIS
The safety and efficacy of once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systemic review and meta-analysis Xuejing Li1 Suhui Qie1 Xianying Wang1 Yingying Zheng1 Yang Liu1 Guoqiang Liu1 ●
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Received: 19 April 2018 / Accepted: 30 July 2018 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2018
Abstract Objectives To investigate the safety and efficacy of once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist semaglutide as monotherapy or add-on to other antihyperglycaemic agents (AHAs) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from the inception to January 18, 2018. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing semaglutide with placebo or other AHAs in T2DM patients were included in our meta-analysis. Risk ratio (RR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to evaluate the outcomes. Results A total of 11 studies with 9519 patients were included in our meta-analysis. The results revealed that compared with placebo or other AHAs, semaglutide had further reduced the level of haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) [MD 1.03%, 95% CI (0.85%, 1.22%), p < 0.00001], self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) [MD 1.19 mmol/L, 95% CI (0.84 mmol/L, 1.53 mmol/L), p < 0.00001], fasting plasma glucose (FPG) [MD 1.33 mmol/L, 95% CI (0.97 mmol/L, 1.69 mmol/L), p < 0.00001] and weight [MD 3.61 kg, 95% CI (3.05 kg, 4.17 kg), p < 0.00001] and significantly increased participants who achieved HbA1c < 7.0% [RR 2.26, 95% CI (1.89, 2.70), p < 0.00001] in T2DM patients. Semaglutide had a significant increase in the incidence of adverse events (AEs) [RR 1.06, 95% CI (1.02, 1.11), p < 0.0001] and an analogous incidence in serious adverse events (SAEs) [RR 0.94, 95% CI (0.86, 1.02), p = 0.11] and hypoglycaemic events (severe or blood glucose (BG)-confirmed symptomatic) [RR 0.93, 95% CI (0.74, 1.16), p = 0.50] compared with the control group. Conclusions This article revealed that semaglutide had a favourable efficacy and safety in treating T2DM patients. It maybe a superior choice for T2DM patients who have obesity or a poor adherence to daily AHAs. Keywords Safety Efficacy Semaglutide Type 2 diabetes mellitus Meta-analysis ●
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Introduction
These authors contributed equally: Xuejing Li, Suhui Qie, Xianying Wang. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-018-1708-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Guoqiang Liu [email protected] 1
Department of Pharmacy, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139 Ziqiang Road, Qiaoxi District, 050051 Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
The prevalence of T2DM is rising in many countries, affecting an estimated 114.4 million (10.9%) adults in China and 425 million (8.8%) adults worldwide [1, 2]. Although several T2DM treatments are available [3], many patients with typ
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