The Site Effect Investigation with Using Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio Method on Earthquake Data, South of Turke
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he Site Effect Investigation with Using Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio Method on Earthquake Data, South of Turkey E. Pamuka and C. Ozerb, c, * a
General Directorate of the Mineral Research and Exploration of Turkey, Department of Geophysical Research, Ankara, 06800 Turkey b Ataturk University, Earthquake Research Centre, Erzurum, 25240 Turkey cAtaturk University, Engineering Faculty, Department of Civil Engineering, Erzurum, 25240 Turkey *e-mail: [email protected] Received November 22, 2019; revised March 3, 2020; accepted March 24, 2020
Abstract—The study area, which is located near the Anatolian, Arabian and African tectonic plate boundaries and surrounded by major tectonic elements such as Dead Sea Fault Zone, Hacıpaşa Fault Zone, Karasu Fault Zone and East Anatolian Fault Zone, has been severely affected from the earthquakes which caused life and property loss during certain periods in historical and instrumental seismology era. Soil predominant period and amplification values have been obtained using earthquake data with the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios (EHVs) method commonly used in site effect studies. The obtained predominant period and amplification values play an important role in predicting possible damages which can occur at the structures within the study area during an earthquake. In this study, nine earthquake data recorded by 23 accelerometers have been used to predict soil effects in the study area located in the southern part of Turkey. The soil predominant period values determined with the help of EHVs vary between 0.06 and 2, and the amplification factor values vary between 2 and 10. In addition, the vulnerability index (Kg) has been calculated to examine the lateral deformation changes that may occur on the soil during an earthquake. Kg ranges between 1 and 40 for the study area. In the final phase of the study, bedrock depth has been calculated with the help of empirical correlations and the deepest bedrock depth has been determined as 188 m. The areas where predominant period values are higher than 1 s, bedrock depth is longer than 30 m and Kg value is greater than 20, will be effected more than other areas by a major earthquake. Keywords: EHVs method, predominant period, soil amplification, vulnerability index, earthquake, AlpineHimalayan seismic zone, Anatolian block, African, Anatolian and Arabian plates, Mediterranean region DOI: 10.1134/S001685212004010X
INTRODUCTION The Anatolian block located in the Alpine-Himalayan seismic zone creates relative movements, which effects southeast part of Turkey related to the movements of the Arab and African plate in the north direction and the movements of the Anatolian plate in the south direction [18, 49]. As a result of the relative movements of the African, Anatolian and Arabian plates to each other, the African plate in the Eastern Mediterranean region goes under the Anatolian plate along the Cyprus Arc [25, 26]. The Eastern Anatolian Fault Zone (EAFZ), which joins with the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ) in Karlıova,
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