The Training Courses of Urological Laparoscopy
The Training Courses of Urological Laparoscopy is written by an international team of experts who have come together to share their experiences of training and skills acquisition in Urological Laparoscopy. Skills training and certification are needed to p
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Ying Hao Sun • Arthur D. Smith Editors
The Training Courses of Urological Laparoscopy
Editors Ying Hao Sun, M.D. Department of Urology Changhai Hospital Shanghai China
Associate Editor Bo Yang, M.D. Department of Urology Changhai Hospital Shanghai China
Arthur D. Smith, M.D. Department of Urology Arthur Smith Institute of Urology Long Island Jewish Medical Centre New Hyde Park, NY, USA
ISBN 978-1-4471-2722-2 ISBN 978-1-4471-2723-9 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4471-2723-9 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg New York London
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2012941849 © Springer-Verlag London 2012 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
Since the early 1990s, with the introduction of laparoscopic techniques, laparoscopy has been a rapidly evolving area of urology. Even for more difficult advanced procedure, such as partial nephrectomy and radical prostatectomy, laparoscopy has become an option in hands of skilled surgeons. With the popularity of this technique, residents have been required to develop more skills in less time. However, issues of patient safety, costs, time constraints, and logistics have inevitably limited training opportunities for the novices in the operating room (OR). And most surgical textbooks just provide some standard metho
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