The use of NEP scale to evaluate the environmental worldview of the employees in the city of Kacanik in Republic of Koso

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The use of NEP scale to evaluate the environmental worldview of the employees in the city of Kacanik in Republic of Kosovo Ferdije Zhushi‑Etemi1   · Rushan Ceka2   · Hazir Çadraku3 · Pajtim Bytyqi1   · Albona Shala‑Abazi4   · Osman Fetoshi5   · Prespa Ymeri6   · Murtezan Ismaili7 Received: 24 October 2019 / Accepted: 18 August 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020

Abstract The tendency for higher economic development with the aim of increasing the citizens’ standard of living has led many natural resources in Kosovo to be overused and degraded. This environmental degradation is nowadays presented in the form of air, water and soil pollution. To cope with environmental problems in a society, its citizens, especially the young generations, need environmental education which plays a very important role for development of environmental attitudes and beliefs, which should be friendly and protective for environment and natural resources. In our survey, we used 15-item NEP scale to evaluate the environmental worldview of three groups of employees in city of Kacanik, in order to see if they have pro-anthropocentric approach, Dominance Social Paradigm which declares that natural sources are eternal, so they can be broadly utilized to fulfill human demands, or pro-ecological view, New Environmental Paradigm (NEP) that expects the integral part of the ecosystem is human being and natural resources cannot be utilized without control because they are insufficient. Our results show that all groups of respondents have a high pro-NEP score, higher than 45%, which means that the citizens are conscious about environmental problems in their city and country in general; thus, they have environmental concerns and are ready to support environmental policies for a sustainable economic development. Keywords  New Environmental Paradigm (NEP) · Kosovo · Economic development · Anthropocentric · Ecological view

1 Introduction One of the most important challenge confronting present and future generations is reducing the human impact on the planet. From that, educational programs have provided the foundations of environmental awareness and concern about human impact in an effort to shape the development of environmental behavior (Gigliotti 1990; Hungerford and Volk * Rushan Ceka [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article

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1990; Bogner 1998, 2004). A number of researchers support the idea of a strong relationship between behavior and attitude (Pooley and O’Connor 2000; Manoli et al. 2007). Environmental worldviews dictate how we interact with nature and our attitude toward how we use the natural resources it contains (Gillaspy 2015). There are many scales to measure environmental attitudes and concern (Weigel and Weigel 1978; Dunlap and Liere 1978a; Wiseman and Bogner 2003). The lack of a common instrument, however, and the use of unsound methodological practices, including work with no clear theoretical framework and/or without appropriate validity