The Uses of Antiquity The Scientific Revolution and the Classical Tr

The institutionalization of History and Philosophy of Science as a distinct field of scholarly endeavour began comparatively earl- though not always under that name - in the Australasian region. An initial lecturing appointment was made at the University

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AUSTRALASIAN STUDIES IN HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE VOLUME 10

General Editor:

R. W. HOME, University of Melbourne

Editorial Advisory Board: W. R. ALBURY, University of New South Wales D. W. CHAMBERS, Deakin University R. JOHNSTON, University ofWollongong H. E. LE GRAND, University of Melbourne A. MUSGRAYE, University of Otago G. C. NERLICH, University ofAdelaide D. R. OLDROYD, University of New South Wales E. RICHARDS, University ofWollongong J. J. C. SMART, Australian National University R. YEO, Griffith University

The titles published in this series are listed at the end of this volume.

THE USES OF ANTIQUITY The Scientific Revolution and the Classical Tradition Editedby

STEPHEN GAUKROGER Department of Traditional and Modern Philosophy, University of Sydney, Australia

SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

The Uses of antiquity . the scientific revolution and the classical tradltion / edited by Stephen Gaukroger. p. cm. -- (Australasian studies in history and philosophy of science ; v. 10) Inc 1udes index. ISBN 978-94-010-5510-9 ISBN 978-94-011-3412-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-3412-5

1. Science, Anclent_ 2. SClence--Philosophy--History--17th century_ L Gaukroger, S-rephen_ II. Series_

Q124.95.U83

1991

509--dc20

90-26819

ISBN 978-94-010-5510-9

Printed an acid-free paper

AlI Rights Reserved

© 1991 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1991 Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover lst edition 1991 No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, inc1uding photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permis sion from the copyright owner_

FOREWORD

The institutionalization of History and Philosophy of Science as a distinct field of scholarly endeavour began comparatively early though not always under that name - in the Australasian region. An initial lecturing appointment was made at the University of Melbourne immediately after the Second World War, in 1946, and other appointments followed as the subject underwent an expansion during the 1950s and 1960s similar to that which took place in other parts of the world. Today there are major Departments at the University of Melbourne, the University of New South Wales and the University of W ollongong, and smaller groups active in many other parts of Australia and in New Zealand. 'Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science' aims to provide a distinctive pUblication outlet for Australian and New Zealand scholars working in the general area of history, philosophy and social studies of science. Each volume comprises a group of essays on a connected theme, edited by an Australian or a New Zealander with special expertise in that particular area. Papers address general issues, however, rather than local ones; parochial topics are avoided. Furthermore, though in each volume a majority of the c