The Welfare of Sheep
The welfare of the sheep has received less attention than the welfare of intensively husbanded animals. However, domestic sheep may be kept under conditions that are very different from the environment in which wild sheep live, with adverse effects on the
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Animal Welfare VOLUME 6
Series Editor Clive Phillips, Professor of Animal Welfare, Centre for Animal Welfare and Ethics, School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Australia
Titles published in this series: Volume 1:
The Welfare of Horses Natalie Waran ISBN 1-4020-0766-3
Volume 2:
The Welfare of Laboratory Animals Eila Kaliste ISBN 1-4020-2270-0
Volume 3:
The Welfare of Cats Irene Rochlitz ISBN 978-1-4020-3226-4
Volume 4:
The Welfare of Dogs Kevin Stafford ISBN 978-1-4020-4361-1
Volume 5:
The Welfare of Cattle Jeffrey Rushen, Anne Marie de Passill´e, Marina A.G. von Keyserlingk and Daniel M. Weary ISBN 978-1-4020-6557-6
Cathy M. Dwyer
The Welfare of Sheep
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Dr. Cathy M. Dwyer Scottish Agricultural College Sustainable Livestock System Group Animal Behaviour and Welfare King’s Buildings Edinburgh United Kingdom EH9 3JG [email protected]
ISBN: 978-1-4020-8552-9
e-ISBN: 978-1-4020-8553-6
Library of Congress Control Number: 2008927061 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.
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Printed on acid-free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com
Animal Welfare Series Preface
Animal welfare is attracting increasing interest worldwide, but particularly from those in developed countries, who now have the knowledge and resources to be able to improve the welfare of farm animals. The increased attention given to farm animal welfare in the West derives largely from the fact that the relentless pursuit of financial reward and efficiency has led to the development of intensive animal production systems that disturb the conscience of many consumers. In developing countries, human survival is still a daily uncertainty, so that provision for animal welfare has to be balanced against human welfare. Welfare is usually provided for only if it supports the output of the animal, be it food, work, clothing, sport or companionship. In reality there are resources for all if they are properly husbanded in both developing and developed countries. The inequitable division of the world’s riches creates physical and psychological poverty for humans and animals alike in many sectors of the world. Livestock are the world’s biggest land user (FAO, 2002) and the population is increasing rapidly to meet the need of an expanding human population. Populations of farm animals managed by humans are therefore increasing worldwide, and in some regions there is a tendency to allocate fewer resources, such as labour, to each animal with potentially adverse consequences on the animals’ welfare. Land is one of the most important resources for sheep production, as it mostly utilises marginal areas and competes not with ot
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