The Wondrous Story of Anesthesia
Edited and written by an international "who's who" of more than 100 authors, including anesthesiologists, nurse anesthetists, bench scientists, a surgeon, and representatives of industry, this text provides a comprehensive history of anesthesia, uniq
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Edmond I Eger II Lawrence J. Saidman Rod N. Westhorpe Editors
The Wondrous Story of Anesthesia
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Editors Edmond I Eger II, MD Emeritus Professor, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, CA, USA Lawrence J. Saidman, MD Emeritus Professor Department of Anesthesia Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA Rod N. Westhorpe, OAM, MB, BS FRCA, FANZCA Former Honorary Curator, Geoffrey Kaye Museum of Anaesthetic History Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Corrected at 2nd printing 2014
ISBN 978-1-4614-8440-0 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-8441-7 Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London
ISBN 978-1-4614-8441-7 (eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2013948224 © Edmond I Eger, MD 2014 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
To those responsible for the discovery and evolution of anesthesia.
Preface
This story describes events in three succeeding eras: ¿rst, events during the time preceding and immediately after the demonstration of anesthesia; then those in the subsequent 90 years of slow evolution of the specialty, ending in the 1950s; and ¿nally those from the 1950s to the present, a period of explosive growth. Our lives span the last of these, th