Theme: Child Abuse and Neglect
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Theme: Child Abuse and Neglect The temporal impact of economic insecurity on child maltreatment: A systematic review (Trauma Violence Abuse. 2020;21:157-78)
Childhood maltreatment and its mental health consequences among Indian adolescents with a history of child work (Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2020;54:496-508)
Poverty and economic insecurity adversely affect child and adolescent health.18% of the global population and 22% of the Indian population fall below the poverty line. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in widespread socioeconomic deprivation. Economic hardships increase family stressors, marital conflicts and parental depression resulting in harsh parenting and child maltreatment.This systematic review of 26 longitudinal studies from Australia, USA, Japan and UK revealed that income losses, food insecurity, housing and bill paying hardships, and maternal depression predict child abuse and neglect. Parental employment buffered these effects. Recommendations are given for research, practice and policy emphasising on conducting robust scientific studies to strengthen correlation between various types of child maltreatment and economic insecurity, and for improving multisystem collaboration, child welfare services, cash incentives and parental employment opportunities to reduce prevalence of child maltreatment in underprivileged families.
There are 11.72 million child workers in India as per Census, 2011. Socioeconomic deprivation, loss of educational opportunities, risky working environment and abuse results in poor health. This cross-sectional survey conducted on 132 working Indian adolescents aged 12 to 18 years estimated 83.3% prevalence of mental disorders in the study population. All reported at least one form of victimization and exposure to criminal activity. More than 80% reported one or more types of abuse or neglect (physical abuse 72.73%, emotional abuse 47.7%, general neglect 17.4%); 45.5% lived in unsafe homes. Emotional abuse was strongly associated with mental disorders. Juvenile victimization questionnaire was used to assess child abuse and the culturally adapted Hindi versions of the Youth’s inventory–4R and the Strengths and difficulties questionnaire were used to diagnose mental disorders and emotional and behavioral problems. Health professionals should screen for mental health issues in all working adolescents. Timely management of mental disorders would ensure emotional well-being over the entire life span.
Child maltreatment and depression: A meta-analysis of studies using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (Child Abuse Negl. 2020;102:104361)
Improving measurement of child abuse and neglect: A systematic review and analysis of national prevalence studies (PLoS One. 2020;15:e0227884)
Major depressive disorder (MDD) in childhood and adolescence increases morbidity and mortality in this age group and is known to track into adulthood. Early detection and timely management improves prognosis.This random effects meta-analysis is the largest ever study on defining the association of
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