Thermal and Morphological Characterization of Native and Plasticized Starches of Sweet Potato ( Ipomoea batatas ) and Di
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Thermal and Morphological Characterization of Native and Plasticized Starches of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) and Diamante Yam (Dioscorea rotundata) Keydis Martinez Villadiego1 · Mary Judith Arias Tapia1 · J. Useche2 · Yorleys Ledesma1 · Alexander Leyton1 Accepted: 18 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The objective of this study is to determine the morphological, physicochemical, and thermal properties of starches from two species of tubers, Ipomoea batatas (SP) and Dioscorea rotundata (DY), as well as the influence of glycerol as a plasticizer. The amylose/amylopectin content is 25.59/74.4 in DY; the granules are round and elliptical in shape with an average size of 25.5 μm , and the degradation temperature is 311.01 °C. The amylose/amylopectin content is 45.9/54.1 in SP; the granules are polygonal, oval, and semi-oval in shape with an average size of 9.5 μm , and the degradation temperature of 312.89 °C. The morphology of the granules in the different starch/glycerol formulations showed no structural damage to both species. However, increased degradation temperature was observed in the plasticized starches and in the shape and intensity of the band. Results indicate that the addition of glycerol improves the properties of native starches for processing and their potential use as bioplastics. Keywords Starch · Dioscorea rotundata · Ipomoea batatas · Morphology · Thermal analysis · Amylose and amylopectin content
Introduction
* Mary Judith Arias Tapia [email protected] Keydis Martinez Villadiego [email protected] J. Useche [email protected] Yorleys Ledesma [email protected] Alexander Leyton [email protected] 1
Chemical Engineering Program, School of Engineering, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, Parque Industrial and Tecnológico Carlos Vélez Pombo km 1 Vía Turbaco, Cartagena, Colombia
Mechanical Engineering Program, School of Engineering, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, Parque Industrial and Tecnológico Carlos Vélez Pombo km 1 Vía Turbaco, Cartagena, Colombia
2
Supplying the current demand for products made with polymers from traditional nonrenewable sources has generated a high volume of pollution and accumulated waste at the end of the useful life of these products. In addition, factors such as price fluctuations and petroleum scarcity have motivated the search for renewable alternatives that can be used to develop novel polymeric materials of biological origin for the plastics industry [1]. Starch is a promising natural polymer for the development of novel materials because of its versatility, abundance, low cost, easy production, and biodegradability[2]. Starch is a biomolecule that is naturally present in many crops and is composed primarily of the polymers amylose and amylopectin (representing approximately 98% to 99% of its dry weight, respectively) and to a lesser extent lipids, proteins, and minerals. This variability leads to significant differences in the physicochemical, rheological, thermal, and re
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