Thermal characterization and lifetime prediction of the PHBV/nanocellulose biocomposites using different kinetic approac
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Thermal characterization and lifetime prediction of the PHBV/nanocellulose biocomposites using different kinetic approaches Kelly Cristina Coelho de Carvalho Benini . Heitor Luiz Ornaghi Jr. . Nicole Morabito de Medeiros . Paulo Henrique Fernandes Pereira . Maria Odila Hila´rio Cioffi
Received: 5 December 2019 / Accepted: 25 June 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract In the present study, biocomposite films from cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were obtained by the solution casting method. CNCs were isolated from pineapple crown using chemical treatments followed by sulfuric acid hydrolysis and added into poly (3hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) matrix. The effect of freeze-dried CNC content (1, 3, and 5 wt%) on the structural, crystallization, thermal degradation lifetime prediction, and thermogravimetric simulation was investigated. An irreversible agglomeration observed after freeze-dried provided changes in the morphology and size of CNCs. Addition up to 3 wt% of CNCs increased the thermal stability, crystallization rate, and crystallinity index of PHBV, as showed by thermal and crystallinity analysis, respectively. The kinetic degradation study by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was done using the F-test method by statistically comparing degradation mechanisms in the solid-state. The most probable degradation mechanism was the autocatalytic reaction model for all samples (represented by Cn and Bnatypes) with a suitable adjustment of the simulated curves. Lifetime prediction showed to be successfully applied based on the kinetic analysis, and PHBV K. C. C. Carvalho Benini (&) H. L. Ornaghi Jr. N. M. de Medeiros P. H. F. Pereira M. O. H. Cioffi Department of Materials and Technology, Fatigue and Aeronautic Materials Research Group, School of Engineering, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratingueta´, Brazil e-mail: [email protected]
reinforced with 3 wt% of CNCs presents the highest results for the isothermal temperature of 180 °C. Keywords Cellulose nanocrystals Thermal properties Lifetime prediction Biocomposite
Introduction Composites processed from renewable and biodegradable raw materials has been the subject of much interest due to some factors such as the increase in the environmental awareness and the need to develop products taking into account the sustainability concepts (Oksman et al. 2006; da Silva Pinto et al. 2009; Barkoula et al. 2010; Kaushik et al. 2010). In the literature, a significant number of different biopolymers (biobased and biodegradable) have been used as a matrix in the production of biocomposites, such as thermoplastic potato starch (Balakrishnan et al. 2017), natural rubber (NR) (Flauzino Neto et al. 2016), polylactic acid or polylactide (PLA) (Khoo et al. 2016; Mukherjee et al. 2017; Chai et al. 2019), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) (George et al. 2011; Fortunati et al. 2016; Jasmani and Adnan 2017), and the polymers of poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) family in which is possible to high
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