Thermal management of transverse magnetic source effects on nanofluid natural convection in a wavy porous enclosure
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Thermal management of transverse magnetic source effects on nanofluid natural convection in a wavy porous enclosure Hudhaifa Hamzah1 · Ahmed Albojamal2 · Besir Sahin1 · Kambiz Vafai2 Received: 22 July 2020 / Accepted: 12 September 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2020
Abstract Thermal transport of nanofluid natural convection in a wavy porous enclosure exposed to an external and uniform magnetic source is investigated numerically. Numerous pertinent factors in terms of Darcy (Da = 10−4–10−2), Hartmann (Ha = 0–40), Rayleigh (Ra = 104–107), Prandtl (Pr = 0.71–7) and undulation (n = 3) numbers, in addition to wave amplitudes (A = 0.025– 0.1) and particle volume concentration ( 𝜙 = 0, 2 and 4%) have been investigated. The Brinkmann–Forchheimer extended Darcy model is utilized, and the governing equations are solved by employing our own finite difference ADI-based program. Code accuracy was successfully validated with the open literature. The results revealed that for Ra > 105 and Da 40) and low Rayleigh numbers (Ra ≤ 105), the isotherm lines tend to move from horizontal to the vertical direction, which indicates a reduction in convection flow dominancy. While for Ra ≥ 106, the subjected magnetic field does not play a substantial role in the temperature contour configuration. (3) The surface amplitude and Darcy number have a major effect on the heat transfer reduction. (4) For Da
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