Three-Tier Architecture Supporting QoS Multimedia Routing in Cloud-Assisted MANET with 5G Communication (TCM5G)
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Three-Tier Architecture Supporting QoS Multimedia Routing in Cloud-Assisted MANET with 5G Communication (TCM5G) Saleh A. Alghamdi 1 Accepted: 23 September 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Recently, evolving technologies such as 5G and cloud computing have offered new prospects in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). However, achieving a high quality of service (QoS) in multimedia routing over MANET–cloud using 5G networks remains challenging owing to the dynamic nature of mobile devices. The present study addresses this problem by proposing a three-tier architecture in cloud-assisted MANETs with 5G (TCM5G) communication. The network comprises the MANET, cloudlet, and cloud tiers. In the proposed scheme, partitioning and clustering are performed to optimize the cluster size. Specifically, partitioning is first performed by the improved monarch butterfly optimization algorithm. Here, the cluster head (CH) is first selected by computing the importance rate. The selected CH then forms a cluster around itself by broadcasting its selection message. Device-to-device (D2D) communication is established using the Kuhn–Munkres algorithm, which determines the optimal device for each D2D communication in the network in order to increase data transmission efficiency. Network performance depends on effective routing; hence, we considered two routing types: inter-cluster and cloudlet. The former is performed through chaotic flower pollination, and the latter is achieved by using the improved Type-2 Takagi Sugeno fuzzy algorithm. To improve the QoS in multimedia routing, we employ a full-interpolation, scalable video-coding algorithm for effective multimedia data encoding. Task offloading among cloudlets is performed based on a load criterion to balance the cloudlet load. The performance of the proposed system is evaluated using five metrics: throughput, packet delivery ratio (PDR), end-to-end delay, task-completion time, and bandwidth consumption. The results demonstrate that in comparison with the existing DCRM, PCA, and HRM methods, the proposed TCM5G scheme enhances throughput and PDR by 30%, and reduces end-to-end delay, task-completion time, and bandwidth consumption by up to 40%. Keywords Mobile ad-hoc network . Cloudlet . Cloud . 5G . Partitioning and clustering . D2D communication . Multimedia routing
1 Introduction Owing to the ad hoc communication between the mobile terminals (i.e., mobile devices), mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are independent of any communication infrastructure. However, their communication capacity degrades significantly due to frequent link breakages and terminal movements outside the coverage area [1, 2]. The establishment of constant link connectivity among the mobile nodes, which is a major issue, was resolved through clustering and routing, based on a novel link-
* Saleh A. Alghamdi [email protected] 1
Computer Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia
connectivity metric discussed in [3]. Mobi
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