Ti Alloy Three-Way Pipe Fabricated by the Combination of 3D Printing and Cold Isostatic Pressing
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Ti Alloy Three-Way Pipe Fabricated by the Combination of 3D Printing and Cold Isostatic Pressing Yanru Shao, Fang Yang, Peng Liu, Zhaohong Feng, Xin Lu, Zhimeng Guo, Huan Xu, and Alex A. Volinsky (Submitted April 3, 2019; in revised form August 25, 2019) In this study, complex-shaped Ti alloys with near-full density, using three-way pipe as an example, were achieved by the combination of 3D printing and cold isostatic pressing (CIP). A new CIP capsule consisting of porous internal support core and the external shell was prepared by 3D printing, which made it feasible to achieve internal and external co-pressing on Ti-6Al-4V powder during CIP. Therefore, complex-shaped green body was obtained with good surface quality, without obvious defects or cracks. After sintering at 1230 °C, the sintered sample had equivalent mechanical properties (hardness = 382 HV, elongation = 15.5%, tensile strength = 929 MPa and yield strength = 862 MPa) compared to the ASTMB381 standard. This study presents a novel method for fabricating complex-shaped Ti alloys with comprehensive mechanical properties. Keywords
3D printing, cold isostatic pressing, complex-shaped, three-way pipe, Ti alloys
1. Introduction As one of the advanced metals, titanium and titanium alloys are widely applied in the ocean, oil, gas and chemical industry (deep sea and subsea equipment) because of their high specific strength, excellent corrosion resistance and superior biocompatibility (Ref 1, 2). Generally, complex-shaped Ti alloy parts, such as valves, are one of the widely used products (Ref 3). However, the manufacturing of high-performance complexshaped Ti alloy parts still remains challenging in actual applications due to rising raw materials costs (Ref 4) and excessive fabrication and machining costs (Ref 5, 6). The traditional methods to prepare Ti alloys are casting and forging machining. As a drawback, cast Ti alloys commonly give rise to a deficiency in terms of coarse microstructure and composition segregation, leading to relatively low mechanical performance (Ref 7-9). The range of forged machined Ti alloys applications has also been restricted due to low utilization efficiency and high processing consumption. Over recent decades, hot isostatic pressing (HIP) technology has long been employed to obtain powder metallurgy (PM) Ti alloys with high performance as well as full densification (Ref
Yanru Shao, Fang Yang, Zhaohong Feng, Xin Lu, Zhimeng Guo, and Huan Xu, Institute of Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Beijing 100083 Beijing, China; Peng Liu, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; and Alex A. Volinsky, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620. Contact e-mails: [email protected] and [email protected].
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance
10-12). However, there are challenges to prepare complexshaped steel capsules, which h
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