Topics for an Academic Agenda: The Prevention of Match Fixing in Brazil
The recommendation of match fixing prevention strategies presumes a thoughtful understanding of the actors involved and the dynamics of the events and also of the specific functioning of the legal and sports institutions of each local context. In this cha
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Abstract The recommendation of match fixing prevention strategies presumes a thoughtful understanding of the actors involved and the dynamics of the events and also of the specific functioning of the legal and sports institutions of each local context. In this chapter we consider the development of an academic agenda about match fixing in Brazil by discussing the Brazilian institutional architecture and its capacity to fight and prevent match fixing, including ordinary Justice System and Sports Justice institutions. To illustrate it, we explore three famous examples of match fixing events occurred in Brazilian soccer and the official reactions. The main goal of the chapter is to bring about policy recommendations at the light of the existing literature findings, in relation to Brazilian context and its institutional debilities. By doing this, we intend to identify a possible field of studies that could be carried out by Brazilian academe and deficient areas that should receive intellectual investment.
Introduction The most accepted and simplest definition of Match Fixing proposes it to be a practice that alters the natural progression of the result of a match. In this sense, we can argue that preventing match fixing practices is of interest to clubs, to teams, to players, to supporters, once it refers to the viability of sports competitions.
L. Godinho (*) Joao Pinheiro Foundation, Av Cel José Dias Bicalho, 444 – ap. 301, Belo Horizonte 31275-050, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] C. Barbosa Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Bias Fortes, 1603 – apto 1301, Belo Horizonte 30170-012, Brazil M.R. Haberfeld and D. Sheehan (eds.), Match-Fixing in International Sports: Existing Processes, Law Enforcement, and Prevention Strategies, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-02582-7_12, © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2013
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However, in terms of public security, we can also state that preventing match fixing is important once it is a practice linked to other forms of corruption and criminal behaviors, such as money laundering, drug trafficking and prostitution. Its connections to illegal arms and human trafficking markets have been also attested by investigations conducted in the recent years. These investigations, especially the ones led by international organisms as Interpol and Europol, have shown that the match fixing market represents today the largest earnings of the Asian syndicates and criminal organizations.1 The Interpol coordinated task forces operations in the year 2011 resulted in the apprehension of more than 1 billion dollars and more than 300 arrests. The 2011– 2013s Joint Investigation Team (JIT) (Operation VETO), coordinated by European Police – Europol – and five European federal governments, organized multiple police inquiries resulting in 425 match officials, club officials, players and criminals suspected of being involved in attempts to fix more than 380 professional football matches. These activities were estimated to include over €10 millions in bet
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